diff --git a/.changeset/issue-82-pow-scale.md b/.changeset/issue-82-pow-scale.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..607b149
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/issue-82-pow-scale.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+"@hebilicious/cssforge": minor
+---
+
+Every fluid type scale is also written with `pow()`, beside its `clamp()` steps, in every output.
+
+- The `clamp()` steps keep their names and paths, `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-<label>` at `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>`. Steps 0 and above are unchanged.
+- Each scale adds pow tokens under a `pow` segment: the inputs `min-width`, `max-width`, `min-font-size`, `max-font-size`, `min-type-scale` and `max-type-scale` as plain numbers, the helpers `progress`, `at-min` and `at-max`, and every step derived from them with `pow()`. They are named `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<name>` and `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<label>`, at `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow.<name>` and `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow@<label>`. Changing an input on `:root` tunes the whole scale at runtime. `pow()` needs Chrome 120, Firefox 118 or Safari 15.4.
+- The pow tokens are ordinary tokens: the CSS, JSON, TypeScript and Style Dictionary outputs hold them, and a primitive can reference them. The helpers and steps are semantic tokens that list the tokens they reference.
+- A step below 0 is now step 0 divided by `minTypeScale^n` at every width, so a small size never shrinks as the screen grows. Its size at `maxWidth` is `maxFontSize / minTypeScale^n` instead of utopia's `maxFontSize / maxTypeScale^n`. This changes the `clamp()` of negative steps when `minTypeScale` and `maxTypeScale` differ, and the fluid type checks use these sizes, once per step.
+- A step label that gives a pow name, such as `min-width` or `pow-min-width`, is a key collision. A step cannot be labelled `pow`, the segment that holds the pow tokens.
+- `relativeTo` is validated for every scale: `"container"` writes `cqi`, `"viewport"` writes `vi`, and the default `"viewport-width"` writes `vw`.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b26077b..b065870 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1263,7 +1263,9 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 ### Typography
 
 Define your typography, with fluid typescales powered by
-[utopia](https://utopia.fyi/type/calculator):
+[utopia](https://utopia.fyi/type/calculator). Every scale is written twice, and every output
+holds both: each step as one `clamp()`, and the same steps derived with `pow()` from the
+scale's inputs (see [Fluid Typography with pow()](#fluid-typography-with-pow)):
 
 <!-- md:generate defineConfig
 export default defineConfig({
@@ -1336,6 +1338,24 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));
 --typography-weight-arial-regular: 600;
 }
 ```
@@ -1420,6 +1440,20 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-c: clamp(0.875rem, 0.8391rem + 0.1794vw, 1rem);
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-b: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-a: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-e: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-d: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-b: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c) / var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-a: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -1427,24 +1461,27 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 
 #### Fluid Typography Checks
 
-Each fluid step is checked from its smallest and largest size in px, as utopia computes them
-at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`:
+Each fluid step is checked from its smallest and largest size in px at `minWidth` and
+`maxWidth`. Step 0 and the steps above it take utopia's sizes. A step below 0 is step 0 divided
+by `minTypeScale` once per step at every width, so a small size never shrinks as the screen
+grows. Both [representations](#fluid-typography-with-pow) of a scale use these sizes, so each
+step is checked once and the checks hold for both:
 
 - **Error: more than 2.5× growth.** A step whose maximum is more than 2.5 times its minimum
   fails the build. Past that ratio, 500% browser zoom cannot double the text at some viewport
   widths ([WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/resize-text.html)).
   Exactly 2.5× passes. Lower `maxFontSize` or `maxTypeScale`, or reduce `positiveSteps`.
 - **Warning: a static scale.** A scale whose every step changes by less than 10% across the
-  viewport range gets one warning, because its `clamp()` values are effectively static. A
+  viewport range gets one warning, because its steps are effectively static. A
   single static step is normal where a scale crosses over, usually near the base step, so it
   is not reported on its own.
 - **Warning: below the legibility floor.** A step whose smaller size is under
   `settings.minLegibleSize` (default `12`, in px) gets one warning. The first example above
   warns for `s` (11.2px), `xs` (8.96px) and `2xs` (7.17px).
 
-When `maxTypeScale` is larger than `minTypeScale`, small negative steps can shrink as the
-viewport grows. Those steps are checked at their smaller end, and the 2.5× error only applies
-to steps that grow.
+When `maxFontSize` is smaller than `minFontSize`, the steps shrink as the viewport grows.
+Those steps are checked at their smaller end, and the 2.5× error only applies to steps that
+grow.
 
 `settings.minLegibleSize` takes a number of px greater than 0, or `false` to turn the floor
 off. It only changes the warnings: the tokens and the CSS stay the same.
@@ -1505,6 +1542,17 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 /*____ Typography ____*/
 --typography_fluid-caption-l: clamp(0.825rem, 0.7615rem + 0.3177vw, 1.0156rem);
 --typography_fluid-caption-m: clamp(0.6875rem, 0.6458rem + 0.2083vw, 0.8125rem);
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-width: 80;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-font-size: 0.6875;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-font-size: 0.8125;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-type-scale: 1.2;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -1514,6 +1562,124 @@ Warnings never fail the build. The CLI prints each one to stderr as
 `cssforge: warning: <message>` and still writes the outputs, and `getDiagnostics(config)`
 returns them to programmatic callers (see [Programmatic Usage](#programmatic-usage)).
 
+#### Fluid Typography with pow()
+
+Every fluid scale is written twice from the same sizes, and both representations are ordinary
+tokens: the CSS, JSON, TypeScript and Style Dictionary outputs all hold them, and a primitive
+can reference either.
+
+- **clamp()**: `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-<label>`, referenced as
+  `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>`. Each step is one self-contained `clamp()`. Use it where a
+  value has to work on its own, such as a token copied into another tool, or a browser without
+  `pow()`.
+- **pow()**: `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<label>`, referenced as
+  `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow@<label>`. Each step is derived from the scale's inputs with
+  `pow()`, so changing an input on `:root` tunes the whole scale at runtime, in DevTools or
+  from a theme. Change an input in the rule that declares the steps: a step takes its value
+  where it is declared, so an input set on a descendant changes nothing below it. It needs
+  `pow()`: Chrome 120, Firefox 118, Safari 15.4.
+
+Both give every step the same size at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`. Step 0 and the steps above
+it are utopia's, and their `clamp()` is the one utopia writes. A step below 0 is step 0
+divided by `minTypeScale^n` at every width: it grows with step 0, and its largest size is
+`maxFontSize / minTypeScale^n` rather than utopia's `maxFontSize / maxTypeScale^n`, so a small
+size never shrinks as the screen grows.
+
+The pow inputs and helpers of each scale are named
+`--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<name>` and referenced as
+`typography_fluid.<scale>.pow.<name>`:
+
+- `min-width` and `max-width`: `minWidth` and `maxWidth` in rem, as plain numbers. A length divided
+  by a length does not work in Firefox, so the inputs carry no unit.
+- `min-font-size` and `max-font-size`: `minFontSize` and `maxFontSize` in rem.
+- `min-type-scale` and `max-type-scale`: `minTypeScale` and `maxTypeScale`.
+- `progress`, `at-min` and `at-max`: the helpers the steps are built from.
+
+Step 0 is `at-min + at-max`, step `n` above it is
+`at-min × pow(min-type-scale, n) + at-max × pow(max-type-scale, n)`, and step `-n` is pow step 0
+divided by `pow(min-type-scale, n)`. The inputs are primitive tokens. The helpers and steps
+reference other tokens, so they are semantic and list those tokens as their reference paths.
+
+A step label that gives a pow name, such as `customLabel` `min-width` (pow step
+`--typography_fluid-<scale>-pow-min-width`) or `pow-min-width`, is a key collision and fails the
+build. A step cannot be labelled `pow`, the segment that holds the pow tokens.
+
+`relativeTo` sets the width the scale follows: `"viewport-width"` (the default) writes
+`vw`, `"viewport"` writes `vi`, and `"container"` writes `cqi` for a scale that follows its
+container. The `clamp()` steps use it in their slope, and the pow tokens in `progress`.
+
+<!-- md:generate defineConfig
+export default defineConfig({
+  typography: {
+    fluid: {
+      body: {
+        value: {
+          minWidth: 320,
+          minFontSize: 18,
+          minTypeScale: 1.2,
+          maxWidth: 1240,
+          maxFontSize: 20,
+          maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+          positiveSteps: 2,
+          negativeSteps: 1,
+          relativeTo: "container",
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+-->
+
+```typescript
+export default defineConfig({
+  typography: {
+    fluid: {
+      body: {
+        value: {
+          minWidth: 320,
+          minFontSize: 18,
+          minTypeScale: 1.2,
+          maxWidth: 1240,
+          maxFontSize: 20,
+          maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+          positiveSteps: 2,
+          negativeSteps: 1,
+          relativeTo: "container",
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+
+This will generate the following CSS :
+
+```css
+/*____ CSSForge ____*/
+:root {
+/*____ Typography ____*/
+--typography_fluid-body-xl: clamp(1.62rem, 1.5041rem + 0.5793cqi, 1.9531rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-l: clamp(1.35rem, 1.2761rem + 0.3696cqi, 1.5625rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-m: clamp(1.125rem, 1.0815rem + 0.2174cqi, 1.25rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-s: clamp(0.9375rem, 0.9013rem + 0.1812cqi, 1.0417rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-width: 77.5;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-font-size: 1.125;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-font-size: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale: 1.2;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100cqi - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale));
+}
+```
+
+<!-- /md:generate -->
+
 ### Primitives
 
 More flexible than other types, primitives allow you to define any type of token by
@@ -1640,6 +1806,24 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));
 /*____ Primitives ____*/
 /* button */
 --button-small-width: 7.5rem;
@@ -1709,6 +1893,10 @@ follow the following convention :
 - 2xl
 - 3xl
 
+The pow representation of a step adds a `pow` segment, as in
+`typography_fluid.comicsans.pow@a`, and its inputs and helpers are
+`typography_fluid.comicsans.pow.<name>`, such as `typography_fluid.comicsans.pow.max-type-scale`.
+
 ## CLI Usage
 
 ```bash
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/README.md b/packages/cssforge/README.md
index b26077b..b065870 100644
--- a/packages/cssforge/README.md
+++ b/packages/cssforge/README.md
@@ -1263,7 +1263,9 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 ### Typography
 
 Define your typography, with fluid typescales powered by
-[utopia](https://utopia.fyi/type/calculator):
+[utopia](https://utopia.fyi/type/calculator). Every scale is written twice, and every output
+holds both: each step as one `clamp()`, and the same steps derived with `pow()` from the
+scale's inputs (see [Fluid Typography with pow()](#fluid-typography-with-pow)):
 
 <!-- md:generate defineConfig
 export default defineConfig({
@@ -1336,6 +1338,24 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));
 --typography-weight-arial-regular: 600;
 }
 ```
@@ -1420,6 +1440,20 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-c: clamp(0.875rem, 0.8391rem + 0.1794vw, 1rem);
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-b: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-comicsans-text-a: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-e: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-d: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-b: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c) / var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-a: calc(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-c) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-comicsans-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -1427,24 +1461,27 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 
 #### Fluid Typography Checks
 
-Each fluid step is checked from its smallest and largest size in px, as utopia computes them
-at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`:
+Each fluid step is checked from its smallest and largest size in px at `minWidth` and
+`maxWidth`. Step 0 and the steps above it take utopia's sizes. A step below 0 is step 0 divided
+by `minTypeScale` once per step at every width, so a small size never shrinks as the screen
+grows. Both [representations](#fluid-typography-with-pow) of a scale use these sizes, so each
+step is checked once and the checks hold for both:
 
 - **Error: more than 2.5× growth.** A step whose maximum is more than 2.5 times its minimum
   fails the build. Past that ratio, 500% browser zoom cannot double the text at some viewport
   widths ([WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/resize-text.html)).
   Exactly 2.5× passes. Lower `maxFontSize` or `maxTypeScale`, or reduce `positiveSteps`.
 - **Warning: a static scale.** A scale whose every step changes by less than 10% across the
-  viewport range gets one warning, because its `clamp()` values are effectively static. A
+  viewport range gets one warning, because its steps are effectively static. A
   single static step is normal where a scale crosses over, usually near the base step, so it
   is not reported on its own.
 - **Warning: below the legibility floor.** A step whose smaller size is under
   `settings.minLegibleSize` (default `12`, in px) gets one warning. The first example above
   warns for `s` (11.2px), `xs` (8.96px) and `2xs` (7.17px).
 
-When `maxTypeScale` is larger than `minTypeScale`, small negative steps can shrink as the
-viewport grows. Those steps are checked at their smaller end, and the 2.5× error only applies
-to steps that grow.
+When `maxFontSize` is smaller than `minFontSize`, the steps shrink as the viewport grows.
+Those steps are checked at their smaller end, and the 2.5× error only applies to steps that
+grow.
 
 `settings.minLegibleSize` takes a number of px greater than 0, or `false` to turn the floor
 off. It only changes the warnings: the tokens and the CSS stay the same.
@@ -1505,6 +1542,17 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 /*____ Typography ____*/
 --typography_fluid-caption-l: clamp(0.825rem, 0.7615rem + 0.3177vw, 1.0156rem);
 --typography_fluid-caption-m: clamp(0.6875rem, 0.6458rem + 0.2083vw, 0.8125rem);
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-width: 80;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-font-size: 0.6875;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-font-size: 0.8125;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-type-scale: 1.2;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-caption-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-caption-pow-at-max));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -1514,6 +1562,124 @@ Warnings never fail the build. The CLI prints each one to stderr as
 `cssforge: warning: <message>` and still writes the outputs, and `getDiagnostics(config)`
 returns them to programmatic callers (see [Programmatic Usage](#programmatic-usage)).
 
+#### Fluid Typography with pow()
+
+Every fluid scale is written twice from the same sizes, and both representations are ordinary
+tokens: the CSS, JSON, TypeScript and Style Dictionary outputs all hold them, and a primitive
+can reference either.
+
+- **clamp()**: `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-<label>`, referenced as
+  `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>`. Each step is one self-contained `clamp()`. Use it where a
+  value has to work on its own, such as a token copied into another tool, or a browser without
+  `pow()`.
+- **pow()**: `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<label>`, referenced as
+  `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow@<label>`. Each step is derived from the scale's inputs with
+  `pow()`, so changing an input on `:root` tunes the whole scale at runtime, in DevTools or
+  from a theme. Change an input in the rule that declares the steps: a step takes its value
+  where it is declared, so an input set on a descendant changes nothing below it. It needs
+  `pow()`: Chrome 120, Firefox 118, Safari 15.4.
+
+Both give every step the same size at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`. Step 0 and the steps above
+it are utopia's, and their `clamp()` is the one utopia writes. A step below 0 is step 0
+divided by `minTypeScale^n` at every width: it grows with step 0, and its largest size is
+`maxFontSize / minTypeScale^n` rather than utopia's `maxFontSize / maxTypeScale^n`, so a small
+size never shrinks as the screen grows.
+
+The pow inputs and helpers of each scale are named
+`--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<name>` and referenced as
+`typography_fluid.<scale>.pow.<name>`:
+
+- `min-width` and `max-width`: `minWidth` and `maxWidth` in rem, as plain numbers. A length divided
+  by a length does not work in Firefox, so the inputs carry no unit.
+- `min-font-size` and `max-font-size`: `minFontSize` and `maxFontSize` in rem.
+- `min-type-scale` and `max-type-scale`: `minTypeScale` and `maxTypeScale`.
+- `progress`, `at-min` and `at-max`: the helpers the steps are built from.
+
+Step 0 is `at-min + at-max`, step `n` above it is
+`at-min × pow(min-type-scale, n) + at-max × pow(max-type-scale, n)`, and step `-n` is pow step 0
+divided by `pow(min-type-scale, n)`. The inputs are primitive tokens. The helpers and steps
+reference other tokens, so they are semantic and list those tokens as their reference paths.
+
+A step label that gives a pow name, such as `customLabel` `min-width` (pow step
+`--typography_fluid-<scale>-pow-min-width`) or `pow-min-width`, is a key collision and fails the
+build. A step cannot be labelled `pow`, the segment that holds the pow tokens.
+
+`relativeTo` sets the width the scale follows: `"viewport-width"` (the default) writes
+`vw`, `"viewport"` writes `vi`, and `"container"` writes `cqi` for a scale that follows its
+container. The `clamp()` steps use it in their slope, and the pow tokens in `progress`.
+
+<!-- md:generate defineConfig
+export default defineConfig({
+  typography: {
+    fluid: {
+      body: {
+        value: {
+          minWidth: 320,
+          minFontSize: 18,
+          minTypeScale: 1.2,
+          maxWidth: 1240,
+          maxFontSize: 20,
+          maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+          positiveSteps: 2,
+          negativeSteps: 1,
+          relativeTo: "container",
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+-->
+
+```typescript
+export default defineConfig({
+  typography: {
+    fluid: {
+      body: {
+        value: {
+          minWidth: 320,
+          minFontSize: 18,
+          minTypeScale: 1.2,
+          maxWidth: 1240,
+          maxFontSize: 20,
+          maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+          positiveSteps: 2,
+          negativeSteps: 1,
+          relativeTo: "container",
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+
+This will generate the following CSS :
+
+```css
+/*____ CSSForge ____*/
+:root {
+/*____ Typography ____*/
+--typography_fluid-body-xl: clamp(1.62rem, 1.5041rem + 0.5793cqi, 1.9531rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-l: clamp(1.35rem, 1.2761rem + 0.3696cqi, 1.5625rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-m: clamp(1.125rem, 1.0815rem + 0.2174cqi, 1.25rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-s: clamp(0.9375rem, 0.9013rem + 0.1812cqi, 1.0417rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-width: 77.5;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-font-size: 1.125;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-font-size: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale: 1.2;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100cqi - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-body-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale));
+}
+```
+
+<!-- /md:generate -->
+
 ### Primitives
 
 More flexible than other types, primitives allow you to define any type of token by
@@ -1640,6 +1806,24 @@ This will generate the following CSS :
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));
 /*____ Primitives ____*/
 /* button */
 --button-small-width: 7.5rem;
@@ -1709,6 +1893,10 @@ follow the following convention :
 - 2xl
 - 3xl
 
+The pow representation of a step adds a `pow` segment, as in
+`typography_fluid.comicsans.pow@a`, and its inputs and helpers are
+`typography_fluid.comicsans.pow.<name>`, such as `typography_fluid.comicsans.pow.max-type-scale`.
+
 ## CLI Usage
 
 ```bash
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/src/modules/typography.ts b/packages/cssforge/src/modules/typography.ts
index bb57bad..857bc73 100644
--- a/packages/cssforge/src/modules/typography.ts
+++ b/packages/cssforge/src/modules/typography.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,18 @@
-import { calculateTypeScale, type UtopiaStep, type UtopiaTypeConfig } from "utopia-core";
+import {
+	calculateClamp,
+	calculateTypeScale,
+	type UtopiaStep,
+	type UtopiaTypeConfig,
+} from "utopia-core";
 import { assertSettingsKeys, validateCustomLabel, validateName } from "../helpers.ts";
-import type { Diagnostic, Output, ResolveMap } from "../lib.ts";
+import {
+	type Diagnostic,
+	getReferencePaths,
+	type Output,
+	type ResolvedToken,
+	type ResolveMap,
+	type Variables,
+} from "../lib.ts";
 
 export interface FluidTypeScaleDefinition {
 	/**
@@ -51,6 +63,8 @@ const MAX_FLUID_GROWTH = 2.5;
 /** A step that changes less than 10% across the viewport range is effectively static. */
 const MIN_FLUID_CHANGE = 1.1;
 const DEFAULT_MIN_LEGIBLE_SIZE = 12;
+/** The px per rem utopia-core divides by when it writes rem values. */
+const REM = 16;
 
 const px = (size: number) => `${Number(size.toFixed(2))}px`;
 
@@ -67,11 +81,67 @@ const readMinLegibleSize = (value: unknown, path: string): number | false => {
 	);
 };
 
+/** The unit utopia-core writes for each `relativeTo`, which defaults to the viewport width. */
+const RELATIVE_UNITS = { viewport: "vi", "viewport-width": "vw", container: "cqi" };
+
+const readRelativeUnit = (value: unknown, path: string): string => {
+	if (value === undefined) return RELATIVE_UNITS["viewport-width"];
+	for (const [relativeTo, unit] of Object.entries(RELATIVE_UNITS)) {
+		if (value === relativeTo) return unit;
+	}
+	throw new Error(
+		`Invalid configuration at "${path}": expected "viewport", "viewport-width" or "container", received ${JSON.stringify(value)}.`,
+	);
+};
+
+/**
+ * A step of a fluid type scale: its sizes in px at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`,
+ * and the `clamp()` that runs between them.
+ */
+type FluidTypeStep = Pick<
+	UtopiaStep,
+	"step" | "label" | "minFontSize" | "maxFontSize" | "clamp"
+>;
+
+/** Rounds a size to 4 decimals, as utopia-core rounds the sizes it reports. */
+const round = (size: number) => Math.round((size + Number.EPSILON) * 10000) / 10000;
+
+/**
+ * The canonical sizes of every step, which the checks and both representations
+ * of the scale use. Step 0 and above are utopia-core's. Step -n is step 0
+ * divided by `minTypeScale^n` at every width, so a small size never shrinks as
+ * the screen grows: it matches utopia at `minWidth`, and is
+ * `maxFontSize / minTypeScale^n` at `maxWidth`.
+ */
+const fluidTypeSteps = (config: UtopiaTypeConfig): FluidTypeStep[] =>
+	calculateTypeScale(config).map(({ step, label, minFontSize, maxFontSize, clamp }) => {
+		if (step >= 0) return { step, label, minFontSize, maxFontSize, clamp };
+		const divisor = config.minTypeScale ** -step;
+		const narrow = config.minFontSize / divisor;
+		const wide = config.maxFontSize / divisor;
+		return {
+			step,
+			label,
+			minFontSize: round(narrow),
+			maxFontSize: round(wide),
+			clamp: calculateClamp({
+				minSize: narrow,
+				maxSize: wide,
+				minWidth: config.minWidth,
+				maxWidth: config.maxWidth,
+				relativeTo: config.relativeTo,
+			}),
+		};
+	});
+
+/** The sizes of a step in px at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`. */
+type StepSizes = Pick<FluidTypeStep, "minFontSize" | "maxFontSize">;
+
 /** The larger end of a step divided by the smaller one, as a negative step can shrink. */
-const changeRatio = ({ minFontSize, maxFontSize }: UtopiaStep) =>
+const changeRatio = ({ minFontSize, maxFontSize }: StepSizes) =>
 	Math.max(minFontSize, maxFontSize) / Math.min(minFontSize, maxFontSize);
 
-const assertWcagGrowth = (step: UtopiaStep, label: string, path: string) => {
+const assertWcagGrowth = (step: StepSizes, label: string, path: string) => {
 	if (!(step.minFontSize > 0) || !(step.maxFontSize > 0)) {
 		throw new Error(
 			`Invalid configuration at "${path}": step "${label}" ranges from ${px(step.minFontSize)} to ${px(step.maxFontSize)}. Every step needs a size greater than 0px; raise minFontSize or reduce negativeSteps.`,
@@ -109,6 +179,12 @@ const assertWcagGrowth = (step: UtopiaStep, label: string, path: string) => {
  * };
  * const { css } = processTypography(typography);
  * ```
+ *
+ * Each fluid scale is written twice from the same step sizes. The step tokens
+ * `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>` hold one self-contained `clamp()` each.
+ * The tokens under `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow` hold the scale's inputs as
+ * plain numbers, three helpers, and the steps derived from them with `pow()`,
+ * so changing an input on `:root` tunes the whole scale at runtime.
  */
 export function processTypography(config: TypographyConfig): Output {
 	const cssOutput: string[] = [];
@@ -132,27 +208,94 @@ export function processTypography(config: TypographyConfig): Output {
 			);
 			const { prefix, ...utopiaConfig } = value;
 			if (prefix) validateName(prefix, `${moduleKey}.${scaleName}.prefix`);
+			const unit = readRelativeUnit(utopiaConfig.relativeTo, `${scalePath}.relativeTo`);
 
-			const scale = calculateTypeScale({
+			const scale = fluidTypeSteps({
 				labelStyle: settings?.customLabel ? "utopia" : "tshirt",
 				...utopiaConfig,
 			});
 
 			const resolvedPrefix = prefix ? `${scaleName}-${prefix}` : scaleName;
-			for (const step of scale) {
-				const { label, clamp } = step;
-				const resolvedLabel = settings?.customLabel
-					? (settings.customLabel[label] ?? label)
-					: label;
+			const keyOf = (name: string) => `--${moduleKey}-${resolvedPrefix}-${name}`;
+			const steps = scale.map((step) => {
+				const labelPath = `${moduleKey}.${scaleName}.settings.customLabel.${step.label}`;
+				const label = settings?.customLabel
+					? (settings.customLabel[step.label] ?? step.label)
+					: step.label;
 				// Validate the label that is actually emitted. A `customLabel` may
 				// resolve through the prototype chain, so iterating own values would
 				// miss a label that still reaches the generated key.
-				validateCustomLabel(
-					resolvedLabel,
-					`${moduleKey}.${scaleName}.settings.customLabel.${label}`,
+				validateCustomLabel(label, labelPath);
+				if (label === "pow") {
+					throw new Error(
+						`Invalid configuration at "${labelPath}": "pow" is the segment of the scale's pow tokens, so a step cannot take it as its label.`,
+					);
+				}
+				return { ...step, label };
+			});
+
+			const powPath = `${scalePath}.pow`;
+			const powKey = (name: string) => keyOf(`pow-${name}`);
+			const ref = (name: string) => `var(${powKey(name)})`;
+			const power = (name: string, n: number) =>
+				n === 1 ? ref(name) : `pow(${ref(name)}, ${n})`;
+			const powInputs: Array<[string, string]> = [
+				["min-width", `${utopiaConfig.minWidth / REM}`],
+				["max-width", `${utopiaConfig.maxWidth / REM}`],
+				["min-font-size", `${utopiaConfig.minFontSize / REM}`],
+				["max-font-size", `${utopiaConfig.maxFontSize / REM}`],
+				["min-type-scale", `${utopiaConfig.minTypeScale}`],
+				["max-type-scale", `${utopiaConfig.maxTypeScale}`],
+				[
+					"progress",
+					`clamp(0rem, (100${unit} - ${ref("min-width")} * 1rem) / (${ref("max-width")} - ${ref("min-width")}), 1rem)`,
+				],
+				["at-min", `calc(${ref("min-font-size")} * (1rem - ${ref("progress")}))`],
+				["at-max", `calc(${ref("max-font-size")} * ${ref("progress")})`],
+			];
+			const stepZero = steps.find(({ step }) => step === 0);
+			if (!stepZero) {
+				throw new Error(
+					`Invalid configuration at "${scalePath}": the scale has no step 0.`,
 				);
-				const stepPath = `${scalePath}@${resolvedLabel}`;
-				assertWcagGrowth(step, resolvedLabel, scalePath);
+			}
+			const powStep = (step: number) => {
+				if (step === 0) return `calc(${ref("at-min")} + ${ref("at-max")})`;
+				if (step < 0) {
+					return `calc(${ref(stepZero.label)} / ${power("min-type-scale", -step)})`;
+				}
+				return `calc(${ref("at-min")} * ${power("min-type-scale", step)} + ${ref("at-max")} * ${power("max-type-scale", step)})`;
+			};
+
+			// The pow values reference each other by key, so the shared resolver
+			// finds their reference paths through these aliases.
+			const powVariables: Variables = Object.fromEntries([
+				...powInputs.map(([name]) => [powKey(name).slice(2), `${powPath}.${name}`]),
+				...steps.map(({ label }) => [powKey(label).slice(2), `${powPath}@${label}`]),
+			]);
+			const tokenOf = (path: string, key: string, tokenValue: string): ResolvedToken => {
+				const referencePaths = getReferencePaths({
+					value: tokenValue,
+					variables: powVariables,
+				});
+				return {
+					variable: `${key}: ${tokenValue};`,
+					key,
+					value: tokenValue,
+					sourcePath: path,
+					...(referencePaths ? { referencePaths } : {}),
+					type: "typography",
+					tier: referencePaths ? "semantic" : "primitive",
+				};
+			};
+
+			const clampTokens: ResolvedToken[] = [];
+			const powTokens = powInputs.map(([name, inputValue]) =>
+				tokenOf(`${powPath}.${name}`, powKey(name), inputValue),
+			);
+			for (const step of steps) {
+				const stepPath = `${scalePath}@${step.label}`;
+				assertWcagGrowth(step, step.label, scalePath);
 				const smallest = Math.min(step.minFontSize, step.maxFontSize);
 				if (minLegibleSize !== false && smallest < minLegibleSize) {
 					diagnostics.push({
@@ -162,17 +305,14 @@ export function processTypography(config: TypographyConfig): Output {
 						message: `Typography step ${stepPath} reaches ${px(smallest)}, below the ${px(minLegibleSize)} legibility floor. Raise minFontSize, lower the type scale or negativeSteps, or set the scale's settings.minLegibleSize.`,
 					});
 				}
-				const key = `--${moduleKey}-${resolvedPrefix}-${resolvedLabel}`;
-				const variable = `${key}: ${clamp};`;
-				cssOutput.push(variable);
-				resolveMap.set(stepPath, {
-					variable,
-					key,
-					value: clamp,
-					sourcePath: stepPath,
-					type: "typography",
-					tier: "primitive",
-				});
+				clampTokens.push(tokenOf(stepPath, keyOf(step.label), step.clamp));
+				powTokens.push(
+					tokenOf(`${powPath}@${step.label}`, powKey(step.label), powStep(step.step)),
+				);
+			}
+			for (const token of [...clampTokens, ...powTokens]) {
+				cssOutput.push(token.variable);
+				resolveMap.set(token.sourcePath, token);
 			}
 
 			// One static step is normal where a scale crosses over, so only a scale
@@ -183,7 +323,7 @@ export function processTypography(config: TypographyConfig): Output {
 					code: "typography-static-scale",
 					severity: "warning",
 					path: scalePath,
-					message: `Typography scale ${scalePath} changes by at most ${Number(((largestChange - 1) * 100).toFixed(1))}% across the viewport range, under the ${Math.round((MIN_FLUID_CHANGE - 1) * 100)}% a fluid size needs to be noticeable, so its clamp() values are effectively static. Widen the gap between minFontSize and maxFontSize or between minTypeScale and maxTypeScale, or use fixed sizes.`,
+					message: `Typography scale ${scalePath} changes by at most ${Number(((largestChange - 1) * 100).toFixed(1))}% across the viewport range, under the ${Math.round((MIN_FLUID_CHANGE - 1) * 100)}% a fluid size needs to be noticeable, so its steps are effectively static. Widen the gap between minFontSize and maxFontSize or between minTypeScale and maxTypeScale, or use fixed sizes.`,
 				});
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/tests/__snapshots__/typography.test.ts.snap b/packages/cssforge/tests/__snapshots__/typography.test.ts.snap
index abc46cf..7a970bd 100644
--- a/packages/cssforge/tests/__snapshots__/typography.test.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/cssforge/tests/__snapshots__/typography.test.ts.snap
@@ -9,6 +9,22 @@ exports[`processTypography - can process weights 1`] = `
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));
 --typography-weight-arial-regular: 500;",
 }
 `;
@@ -92,6 +108,228 @@ exports[`processTypography - can process weights 2`] = `
       "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);",
     },
   ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "20",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "89.6875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "0.875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem)",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xs",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xs",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));",
+    },
+  ],
   [
     "typography.weight.arial.regular",
     {
@@ -116,7 +354,25 @@ exports[`processTypography - generates correct CSS variables 1`] = `
 --typography_fluid-arial-m: clamp(0.875rem, 0.8391rem + 0.1794vw, 1rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
---typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);",
+--typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));",
 }
 `;
 
@@ -221,6 +477,262 @@ exports[`processTypography - generates correct CSS variables 2`] = `
       "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-2xs: clamp(0.448rem, 0.4296rem + 0.0918vw, 0.512rem);",
     },
   ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "20",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width: 20;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "89.6875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width: 89.6875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "0.875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size: 1;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem)",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-width)), 1rem);",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress)));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-progress));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@4xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@4xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-4xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 5));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@3xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@3xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-3xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 4));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 3));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-max-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-at-max));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xs",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@2xs",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-pow-2xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-pow-min-type-scale), 3));",
+    },
+  ],
 ]
 `;
 
@@ -235,7 +747,26 @@ exports[`typography - can handle custom labels and prefixes 1`] = `
 --typography_fluid-arial-text-l: clamp(1.0938rem, 1.0489rem + 0.2242vw, 1.25rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-text-m: clamp(0.875rem, 0.8391rem + 0.1794vw, 1rem);
 --typography_fluid-arial-text-s: clamp(0.7rem, 0.6713rem + 0.1435vw, 0.8rem);
---typography_fluid-arial-text-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);",
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width: 20;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width: 89.6875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size: 1;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width)), 1rem);
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress)));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h1: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 7) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 7));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h2: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 6) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 6));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h3: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 5));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h4: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 4));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xxl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 3));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 2));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale));
+--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2));",
 }
 `;
 
@@ -351,5 +882,280 @@ exports[`typography - can handle custom labels and prefixes 2`] = `
       "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-xs: clamp(0.56rem, 0.537rem + 0.1148vw, 0.64rem);",
     },
   ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "20",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width: 20;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "89.6875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width: 89.6875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "0.875",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size: 0.875;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size: 1;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale",
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      "tier": "primitive",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "1.25",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-width",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-width",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width)), 1rem)",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width) * 1rem) / (var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-width) - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-width)), 1rem);",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress)))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-font-size) * (1rem - var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress)));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-font-size",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.progress",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-font-size) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-progress));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h1",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h1",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h1",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 7) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 7))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h1: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 7) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 7));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h2",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h2",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h2",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 6) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 6))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h2: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 6) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 6));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h3",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h3",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h3",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 5))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h3: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 5) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 5));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h4",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h4",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@h4",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 4))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-h4: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 4) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 4));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xxl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xxl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xxl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 3))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xxl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 3) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 3));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xl",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xl",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xl: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-l",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.max-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@l",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-l: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max) * var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-max-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-min",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.at-max",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-min) + var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-at-max));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-s",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@s",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-s: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale));",
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+    {
+      "key": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xs",
+      "referencePaths": [
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow@m",
+        "typography_fluid.arial.pow.min-type-scale",
+      ],
+      "sourcePath": "typography_fluid.arial.pow@xs",
+      "tier": "semantic",
+      "type": "typography",
+      "value": "calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2))",
+      "variable": "--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-xs: calc(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-m) / pow(var(--typography_fluid-arial-text-pow-min-type-scale), 2));",
+    },
+  ],
 ]
 `;
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-pow-scale.test.ts b/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-pow-scale.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd2b2bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-pow-scale.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+import { calculateTypeScale } from "utopia-core";
+import { generateJSON, generateTS } from "../src/generator.ts";
+import type { CSSForgeConfig } from "../src/mod.ts";
+import {
+	defineConfig,
+	generateCSS,
+	generateStyleDictionaryJSON,
+	getDiagnostics,
+} from "../src/mod.ts";
+import { getLines } from "./helpers.ts";
+import { assert, assertEquals, assertThrows, Deno } from "./vitest-compat.ts";
+
+type FluidScale = NonNullable<CSSForgeConfig["typography"]["fluid"]>[string];
+type FluidSettings = NonNullable<FluidScale["settings"]>;
+
+/** The good-css example scale: 20rem to 77.5rem, 18px to 20px, ratios 1.2 and 1.25. */
+const example = {
+	minWidth: 320,
+	maxWidth: 1240,
+	minFontSize: 18,
+	maxFontSize: 20,
+	minTypeScale: 1.2,
+	maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+	positiveSteps: 4,
+	negativeSteps: 2,
+} satisfies FluidScale["value"];
+
+const scale = (
+	value: FluidScale["value"],
+	settings?: FluidSettings,
+): Partial<CSSForgeConfig> => ({
+	typography: { fluid: { body: { value, ...(settings ? { settings } : {}) } } },
+});
+
+const v = (name: string) => `var(--typography_fluid-body-pow-${name})`;
+
+/** Every custom property declared in a CSS string, by name. */
+const declarations = (css: string) =>
+	new Map(
+		getLines(css)
+			.map((line) => /^(--[\w-]+): (.*);$/.exec(line))
+			.filter((match): match is RegExpExecArray => match !== null)
+			.map(([, name, value]) => [name ?? "", value ?? ""]),
+	);
+
+/** The steps of the example scale in emitted order, with their labels. */
+const steps = [4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2] as const;
+const labels = { 4: "3xl", 3: "2xl", 2: "xl", 1: "l", 0: "m", [-1]: "s", [-2]: "xs" };
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - every scale is written as clamp() steps and as pow tokens", () => {
+	const utopia = calculateTypeScale({ ...example, labelStyle: "tshirt" });
+
+	assertEquals(getLines(generateCSS(scale(example))).slice(3, -1), [
+		...utopia
+			.slice(0, 5)
+			.map(({ label, clamp }) => `--typography_fluid-body-${label}: ${clamp};`),
+		// Below step 0 the clamp() runs from 18 / 1.2^n px to 20 / 1.2^n px.
+		"--typography_fluid-body-s: clamp(0.9375rem, 0.9013rem + 0.1812vw, 1.0417rem);",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-xs: clamp(0.7813rem, 0.7511rem + 0.151vw, 0.8681rem);",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width: 20;",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-width: 77.5;",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-font-size: 1.125;",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-font-size: 1.25;",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-type-scale: 1.2;",
+		"--typography_fluid-body-pow-max-type-scale: 1.25;",
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress: clamp(0rem, (100vw - ${v("min-width")} * 1rem) / (${v("max-width")} - ${v("min-width")}), 1rem);`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-min: calc(${v("min-font-size")} * (1rem - ${v("progress")}));`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-at-max: calc(${v("max-font-size")} * ${v("progress")});`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-3xl: calc(${v("at-min")} * pow(${v("min-type-scale")}, 4) + ${v("at-max")} * pow(${v("max-type-scale")}, 4));`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-2xl: calc(${v("at-min")} * pow(${v("min-type-scale")}, 3) + ${v("at-max")} * pow(${v("max-type-scale")}, 3));`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-xl: calc(${v("at-min")} * pow(${v("min-type-scale")}, 2) + ${v("at-max")} * pow(${v("max-type-scale")}, 2));`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-l: calc(${v("at-min")} * ${v("min-type-scale")} + ${v("at-max")} * ${v("max-type-scale")});`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-m: calc(${v("at-min")} + ${v("at-max")});`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-s: calc(${v("m")} / ${v("min-type-scale")});`,
+		`--typography_fluid-body-pow-xs: calc(${v("m")} / pow(${v("min-type-scale")}, 2));`,
+	]);
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - clamp() steps 0 and above are utopia's, byte for byte", () => {
+	for (const value of [
+		example,
+		{ ...example, relativeTo: "container" as const },
+		{ ...example, relativeTo: "viewport" as const },
+		{
+			...example,
+			minFontSize: 14,
+			maxFontSize: 16,
+			minTypeScale: 1.25,
+			maxTypeScale: 1.25,
+		},
+		{ ...example, minWidth: 375, maxWidth: 1435, minFontSize: 17, maxFontSize: 19.5 },
+	]) {
+		const css = declarations(generateCSS(scale(value)));
+		for (const { step, label, clamp } of calculateTypeScale({
+			...value,
+			labelStyle: "tshirt",
+		})) {
+			if (step >= 0) assertEquals(css.get(`--typography_fluid-body-${label}`), clamp);
+		}
+	}
+});
+
+/**
+ * Evaluates a custom property of `css` in px at a viewport `width` in px, after
+ * substituting every `var()`. The CSS functions map onto Math, and a length
+ * becomes px with 1rem = 16px and 100vw = `width`.
+ */
+const evaluate = (css: Map<string, string>, name: string, width: number): number => {
+	const substitute = (value: string): string =>
+		value.replace(/var\((--[\w-]+)\)/g, (_, inner: string) => {
+			const declared = css.get(inner);
+			assert(declared !== undefined, `Undeclared ${inner}`);
+			return `(${substitute(declared ?? "")})`;
+		});
+	const expression = substitute(css.get(name) ?? "")
+		.replace(/(-?[\d.]+)rem/g, "($1 * 16)")
+		.replace(/(-?[\d.]+)(?:vw|vi|cqi)/g, `($1 * ${width} / 100)`)
+		.replaceAll("calc(", "(")
+		.replaceAll("clamp(", "clampPx(")
+		.replaceAll("pow(", "Math.pow(");
+	assert(/^[\d\s.+\-*/(),a-zA-Z]+$/.test(expression), expression);
+	const clampPx = (min: number, preferred: number, max: number) =>
+		Math.min(max, Math.max(min, preferred));
+	return new Function("clampPx", `return ${expression};`)(clampPx) as number;
+};
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - both representations give every step its size at both widths", () => {
+	const value = { ...example, minFontSize: 16, maxFontSize: 21, maxTypeScale: 1.333 };
+	const css = declarations(generateCSS(scale(value)));
+
+	for (const step of steps) {
+		// Step 0 and above follow utopia. Below it, step 0 is divided by the
+		// narrow ratio at both widths, so a small size never shrinks.
+		const narrow =
+			step >= 0
+				? value.minFontSize * value.minTypeScale ** step
+				: value.minFontSize / value.minTypeScale ** -step;
+		const wide =
+			step >= 0
+				? value.maxFontSize * value.maxTypeScale ** step
+				: value.maxFontSize / value.minTypeScale ** -step;
+		const label = labels[step];
+		for (const [width, expected] of [
+			[value.minWidth, narrow],
+			[value.maxWidth, wide],
+			// Outside the range each step stays at its end.
+			[100, narrow],
+			[4000, wide],
+		] as const) {
+			const pow = evaluate(css, `--typography_fluid-body-pow-${label}`, width);
+			const clamp = evaluate(css, `--typography_fluid-body-${label}`, width);
+			assert(Math.abs(pow - expected) < 1e-9, `pow ${label} at ${width}px: ${pow}`);
+			assert(Math.abs(clamp - expected) < 0.02, `clamp ${label} at ${width}px: ${clamp}`);
+		}
+	}
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - JSON, TypeScript and Style Dictionary hold both representations as the CSS writes them", () => {
+	const config = scale(example);
+	const css = declarations(generateCSS(config));
+	type Token = { key: string; value: string; variable: string };
+	const json = JSON.parse(generateJSON(config)) as {
+		typography_fluid: Record<string, Token> & {
+			body: { pow: Record<string, Token> } & Record<string, Token>;
+		};
+	};
+	const { body, ...clampSteps } = json.typography_fluid;
+	const { pow, ...powSteps } = body;
+	const jsonTokens = [
+		...Object.values(clampSteps),
+		...Object.values(pow),
+		...Object.values(powSteps),
+	];
+
+	assertEquals(
+		jsonTokens.map(({ key, value }) => [key, value]),
+		[...css.entries()],
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		Object.keys(clampSteps),
+		steps.map((step) => `body@${labels[step]}`),
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		Object.keys(powSteps),
+		steps.map((step) => `pow@${labels[step]}`),
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		generateTS(config),
+		`export const cssForge = ${generateJSON(config)} as const;`,
+	);
+
+	type SdToken = {
+		value: string;
+		attributes: { cssVariable: string; referencePaths?: string[] };
+		$tier: string;
+		$reference?: string;
+	};
+	const styleDictionary = JSON.parse(
+		generateStyleDictionaryJSON(config, { valueMode: "css-reference" }),
+	) as {
+		"typography-fluid": {
+			body: Record<string, SdToken> & { pow: Record<string, SdToken> };
+		};
+	};
+	const { pow: sdPow, ...sdClamp } = styleDictionary["typography-fluid"].body;
+	const sdTokens = [...Object.values(sdClamp), ...Object.values(sdPow)];
+	assertEquals(
+		sdTokens.map(({ attributes }) => attributes.cssVariable).sort(),
+		[...css.keys()].sort(),
+	);
+
+	// Plain values are primitives; a value made of other tokens is semantic and
+	// names them, as a color mix does.
+	assertEquals(sdPow["min-width"]?.$tier, "primitive");
+	assertEquals(sdClamp.m?.$tier, "primitive");
+	assertEquals(sdPow.progress?.attributes.referencePaths, [
+		"typography-fluid.body.pow.min-width",
+		"typography-fluid.body.pow.max-width",
+	]);
+	assertEquals(sdPow.s?.$tier, "semantic");
+	assertEquals(sdPow.s?.attributes.referencePaths, [
+		"typography-fluid.body.pow.m",
+		"typography-fluid.body.pow.min-type-scale",
+	]);
+	assertEquals(sdPow.s?.$reference, "typography-fluid.body.pow.m");
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - a primitive references pow tokens like any other token", () => {
+	const value = { ...example, positiveSteps: 1, negativeSteps: 1, prefix: "text" };
+	const customLabel = { "-1": "small", "0": "base", "1": "large" };
+	const config = defineConfig({
+		typography: { fluid: { body: { value, settings: { customLabel } } } },
+		primitives: {
+			heading: {
+				value: {
+					h1: {
+						value: {
+							fontSize: "var(--size)",
+							lineHeight: "calc(var(--ratio) * 1.1)",
+							padding: "var(--clamp)",
+						},
+						variables: {
+							size: "typography_fluid.body.pow@large",
+							ratio: "typography_fluid.body.pow.max-type-scale",
+							clamp: "typography_fluid.body@small",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	});
+	const css = declarations(generateCSS(config));
+
+	assertEquals(
+		css.get("--heading-h1-fontSize"),
+		"var(--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-large)",
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		css.get("--heading-h1-lineHeight"),
+		"calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-max-type-scale) * 1.1)",
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		css.get("--heading-h1-padding"),
+		"var(--typography_fluid-body-text-small)",
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		css.get("--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-small"),
+		"calc(var(--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-base) / var(--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-min-type-scale))",
+	);
+	const json = JSON.parse(generateJSON(config)) as {
+		primitives: { heading: { h1: { fontSize: { value: string } } } };
+	};
+	assertEquals(
+		json.primitives.heading.h1.fontSize.value,
+		"var(--typography_fluid-body-text-pow-large)",
+	);
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - a step label that takes a pow name fails as a collision", () => {
+	const collision = (customLabel: Record<string, string>) =>
+		assertThrows(() => generateJSON(scale(example, { customLabel }))).message;
+
+	assertEquals(
+		collision({ "0": "min-width" }),
+		'Token key collision: "typography_fluid.body.pow.min-width" and "typography_fluid.body.pow@min-width" both generate "--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width". Rename one of the configuration paths.',
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		collision({ "1": "pow-min-width" }),
+		'Token key collision: "typography_fluid.body@pow-min-width" and "typography_fluid.body.pow.min-width" both generate "--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width". Rename one of the configuration paths.',
+	);
+	assertEquals(
+		collision({ "0": "pow-l", "1": "l" }),
+		'Token key collision: "typography_fluid.body@pow-l" and "typography_fluid.body.pow@l" both generate "--typography_fluid-body-pow-l". Rename one of the configuration paths.',
+	);
+	assertThrows(() => generateCSS(scale(example, { customLabel: { "0": "min-width" } })));
+
+	// `pow` is the segment that holds the pow tokens, so no step takes it.
+	const segment = assertThrows(() =>
+		generateCSS(scale(example, { customLabel: { "0": "pow" } })),
+	);
+	assert(
+		segment.message.includes('"typography_fluid.body.settings.customLabel.0"'),
+		segment.message,
+	);
+	assert(segment.message.includes('"pow"'), segment.message);
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - relativeTo picks the unit of both representations", () => {
+	for (const [relativeTo, unit] of [
+		[undefined, "vw"],
+		["viewport-width", "vw"],
+		["viewport", "vi"],
+		["container", "cqi"],
+	] as const) {
+		const css = declarations(generateCSS(scale({ ...example, relativeTo })));
+		assert(
+			css
+				.get("--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress")
+				?.startsWith(`clamp(0rem, (100${unit} - `),
+			css.get("--typography_fluid-body-pow-progress"),
+		);
+		for (const label of ["xl", "xs"]) {
+			const clamp = css.get(`--typography_fluid-body-${label}`);
+			assert(clamp?.includes(`${unit}, `), clamp);
+		}
+	}
+
+	const invalid = assertThrows(() =>
+		generateJSON(
+			scale({ ...example, relativeTo: "page" } as unknown as FluidScale["value"]),
+		),
+	);
+	assert(invalid.message.includes('"typography_fluid.body.relativeTo"'), invalid.message);
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type - two scales never share a pow name", () => {
+	const css = declarations(
+		generateCSS({
+			typography: {
+				fluid: {
+					body: { value: example },
+					display: { value: { ...example, prefix: "big" } },
+				},
+			},
+		}),
+	);
+
+	assertEquals(css.get("--typography_fluid-body-pow-min-width"), "20");
+	assertEquals(css.get("--typography_fluid-display-big-pow-min-width"), "20");
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type checks - each step is checked once, at its canonical sizes", () => {
+	// Step xs is 17.28 / 1.2^2 = 12px at the narrow end. At the wide end it is
+	// 20 / 1.2^2 = 13.89px, where utopia's own scale would give 20 / 1.6^2 = 7.81px.
+	const value = {
+		...example,
+		minFontSize: 17.28,
+		maxTypeScale: 1.6,
+		positiveSteps: 0,
+		negativeSteps: 2,
+	};
+
+	assertEquals(getDiagnostics(scale(value)), []);
+	const floor = getDiagnostics(scale(value, { minLegibleSize: 13 }));
+	assertEquals(
+		floor.map(({ code, path }) => [code, path]),
+		[["typography-below-legibility-floor", "typography_fluid.body@xs"]],
+	);
+	assert(floor[0]?.message.includes("12px"), floor[0]?.message);
+});
+
+Deno.test("fluid type checks - a static scale warns once and names no CSS function", () => {
+	const flat = {
+		...example,
+		maxFontSize: 18.5,
+		maxTypeScale: 1.2,
+		positiveSteps: 1,
+		negativeSteps: 0,
+	};
+	const diagnostics = getDiagnostics(scale(flat));
+	assertEquals(
+		diagnostics.map(({ code, path }) => [code, path]),
+		[["typography-static-scale", "typography_fluid.body"]],
+	);
+	const message = diagnostics[0]?.message ?? "";
+	assert(!message.includes("clamp()") && !message.includes("pow()"), message);
+});
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-type-checks.test.ts b/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-type-checks.test.ts
index effc4ab..870f0b9 100644
--- a/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-type-checks.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cssforge/tests/fluid-type-checks.test.ts
@@ -145,15 +145,16 @@ Deno.test("fluid type - a minimum below 12px warns on the step", () => {
 });
 
 Deno.test("fluid type - a shrinking negative step is checked at its smaller end", () => {
-	// Step xs is 16 / 1.2^2 = 11.11px at 320px and 20 / 1.5^2 = 8.89px at 1280px.
+	// The scale shrinks from 20px to 16px, so step xs is 20 / 1.2^2 = 13.89px at
+	// 320px and 16 / 1.2^2 = 11.11px at 1280px.
 	const diagnostics = getDiagnostics({
 		typography: {
 			fluid: {
 				body: {
 					value: {
-						...singleStep(16, 20),
+						...singleStep(20, 16),
 						minTypeScale: 1.2,
-						maxTypeScale: 1.5,
+						maxTypeScale: 1.2,
 						negativeSteps: 2,
 					},
 				},
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ Deno.test("fluid type - a shrinking negative step is checked at its smaller end"
 		diagnostics.map(({ code, path }) => ({ code, path })),
 		[{ code: "typography-below-legibility-floor", path: "typography_fluid.body@xs" }],
 	);
-	assert(diagnostics[0]?.message.includes("8.89px"), diagnostics[0]?.message);
+	assert(diagnostics[0]?.message.includes("11.11px"), diagnostics[0]?.message);
 });
 
 Deno.test("fluid type - settings.minLegibleSize moves or disables the floor", () => {
diff --git a/packages/cssforge/tests/typography.test.ts b/packages/cssforge/tests/typography.test.ts
index a7b8f12..cce0157 100644
--- a/packages/cssforge/tests/typography.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cssforge/tests/typography.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,23 @@ import { defineConfig, processTypography } from "../src/mod.ts";
 import { getLines } from "./helpers.ts";
 import { assertEquals, assertSnapshot, Deno } from "./vitest-compat.ts";
 
+/** The paths of a fluid scale's tokens: its clamp() steps, then its pow tokens. */
+const fluidPaths = (scale: string, labels: string[]) => [
+	...labels.map((label) => `typography_fluid.${scale}@${label}`),
+	...[
+		"min-width",
+		"max-width",
+		"min-font-size",
+		"max-font-size",
+		"min-type-scale",
+		"max-type-scale",
+		"progress",
+		"at-min",
+		"at-max",
+	].map((name) => `typography_fluid.${scale}.pow.${name}`),
+	...labels.map((label) => `typography_fluid.${scale}.pow@${label}`),
+];
+
 Deno.test("processTypography - generates correct CSS variables", async (t) => {
 	const config = defineConfig({
 		typography: {
@@ -25,7 +42,7 @@ Deno.test("processTypography - generates correct CSS variables", async (t) => {
 	const expectedSizes = ["4xl", "3xl", "2xl", "xl", "l", "m", "s", "xs", "2xs"];
 	const result = processTypography(config.typography);
 	const lines = getLines(result.css.root);
-	assertEquals(lines.length, expectedSizes.length);
+	assertEquals(lines.length, 2 * expectedSizes.length + 9);
 
 	// Test a specific value for precision
 	const xlLine = lines.find((line) => line.includes("--typography_fluid-arial-xl:"));
@@ -34,10 +51,7 @@ Deno.test("processTypography - generates correct CSS variables", async (t) => {
 		"--typography_fluid-arial-xl: clamp(1.3672rem, 1.3111rem + 0.2803vw, 1.5625rem);",
 	);
 
-	assertEquals(
-		Array.from(result.resolveMap.keys()),
-		expectedSizes.map((size) => `typography_fluid.arial@${size}`),
-	);
+	assertEquals(Array.from(result.resolveMap.keys()), fluidPaths("arial", expectedSizes));
 
 	// Test that we have all the expected size variables
 	expectedSizes.forEach((size) => {
@@ -88,7 +102,7 @@ Deno.test("typography - can handle custom labels and prefixes", async (t) => {
 	const expectedSizes = ["xs", "s", "m", "l", "xl", "xxl", "h4", "h3", "h2", "h1"];
 	const result = processTypography(config.typography);
 	const lines = getLines(result.css.root);
-	assertEquals(lines.length, expectedSizes.length);
+	assertEquals(lines.length, 2 * expectedSizes.length + 9);
 
 	// Test a specific value for precision
 	const xlLine = lines.find((line) => line.includes("--typography_fluid-arial-text-xl:"));
@@ -99,7 +113,7 @@ Deno.test("typography - can handle custom labels and prefixes", async (t) => {
 
 	assertEquals(
 		Array.from(result.resolveMap.keys()),
-		expectedSizes.toReversed().map((size) => `typography_fluid.arial@${size}`),
+		fluidPaths("arial", expectedSizes.toReversed()),
 	);
 
 	// Test that we have all the expected size variables
@@ -140,16 +154,11 @@ Deno.test("processTypography - can process weights", async (t) => {
 
 	const result = processTypography(config.typography);
 	const lines = getLines(result.css.root);
-	assertEquals(lines.length, positiveSteps + negativeSteps + 1 + 1); // 1 for base size and 1 for weight
+	// Each step twice, the 9 pow inputs and helpers, and the weight.
+	assertEquals(lines.length, 2 * (positiveSteps + negativeSteps + 1) + 9 + 1);
 
 	assertEquals(Array.from(result.resolveMap.keys()), [
-		"typography_fluid.arial@2xl",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@xl",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@l",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@m",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@s",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@xs",
-		"typography_fluid.arial@2xs",
+		...fluidPaths("arial", ["2xl", "xl", "l", "m", "s", "xs", "2xs"]),
 		"typography.weight.arial.regular",
 	]);
 	// Test that we have the weight variable
diff --git a/packages/docs/index.md b/packages/docs/index.md
index 045e72c..20233fc 100644
--- a/packages/docs/index.md
+++ b/packages/docs/index.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ features:
     link: /tokens/colors
     linkText: Explore colors
   - title: Typography
-    details: Generate fluid typography scales with clamp-based responsive sizing.
+    details: Generate fluid typography scales as self-contained clamp() steps and as pow() tokens you can tune at runtime.
     icon:
       src: /icons/typography.svg
     link: /tokens/typography
diff --git a/skills/cssforge/references/source-schema-map.md b/skills/cssforge/references/source-schema-map.md
index 84492e4..ddcdc29 100644
--- a/skills/cssforge/references/source-schema-map.md
+++ b/skills/cssforge/references/source-schema-map.md
@@ -45,6 +45,31 @@ color output settings.
   `typography-below-legibility-floor` per step (path `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>`) and
   `typography-static-scale` once per scale when every step changes less than 10%.
 
+## Fluid typography output
+
+- Every step has one canonical size in px at `minWidth` and `maxWidth`
+  (`fluidTypeSteps` in `packages/cssforge/src/modules/typography.ts`). Step 0 and above are
+  utopia-core's. Step `-n` is `step 0 / minTypeScale^n` at every width, so its wide end is
+  `maxFontSize / minTypeScale^n`. The checks run once per step on it, and both representations
+  are written from it. There is no option: every output holds both.
+- clamp steps: `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-<label>` at
+  `typography_fluid.<scale>@<label>`, each the `clamp()` utopia-core's `calculateClamp` writes
+  (identical to utopia for step 0 and above). Primitive tier.
+- pow tokens under a `pow` segment: inputs and helpers
+  `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<name>` at `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow.<name>`
+  for `min-width`, `max-width`, `min-font-size`, `max-font-size`, `min-type-scale`, `max-type-scale` (plain
+  numbers, primitive tier), `progress`, `at-min`, `at-max`; steps
+  `--typography_fluid-<scale>[-<prefix>]-pow-<label>` at `typography_fluid.<scale>.pow@<label>`.
+  Helpers and steps carry `referencePaths` to the pow tokens they use and the semantic tier.
+  Step `-n` is `calc(<pow step 0> / pow(min-type-scale, n))`.
+- References use these paths from `variables`, for example
+  `typography_fluid.body.pow@l` or `typography_fluid.body.pow.max-type-scale`; the prefix is not part
+  of the path.
+- A label that gives a pow key (`min-width`, `pow-min-width`, ...) fails the key collision check.
+  The label `pow` is rejected, as it is the segment that holds the pow tokens.
+- `value.relativeTo` maps `viewport-width` (default) to `vw`, `viewport` to `vi` and
+  `container` to `cqi` in both representations; anything else is rejected.
+
 ## Derived colors
 
 - `ColorMix` in `packages/cssforge/src/modules/colors.ts`, re-exported from `mod.ts`: