diff --git a/examples/typescript-r4/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts b/examples/typescript-r4/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts
index 3a9e0138..4683d070 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-r4/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-r4/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ export type { BackboneElement } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/BackboneElement";
 export type { Identifier } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Identifier";
 export type { Signature } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Signature";
 
-export interface BundleEntry<T extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
+export interface BundleEntry<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
     fullUrl?: string;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     request?: BundleEntryRequest;
-    resource?: T;
-    response?: BundleEntryResponse;
+    resource?: T1;
+    response?: BundleEntryResponse<T2>;
     search?: BundleEntrySearch;
 }
 
@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ export interface BundleLink extends BackboneElement {
 }
 
 // CanonicalURL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Bundle (pkg: hl7.fhir.r4.core#4.0.1)
-export interface Bundle extends Resource {
+export interface Bundle<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends Resource {
     resourceType: "Bundle";
 
-    entry?: BundleEntry[];
+    entry?: BundleEntry<T1, T2>[];
     identifier?: Identifier;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     signature?: Signature;
diff --git a/examples/typescript-r4/resource.test.ts b/examples/typescript-r4/resource.test.ts
index 10b655f2..e700d3e6 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-r4/resource.test.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-r4/resource.test.ts
@@ -121,6 +121,47 @@ test("Bundle with resources", () => {
     expect(bundle).toMatchSnapshot();
 });
 
+test("Bundle<T> narrows entry resources without type predicates", () => {
+    // A bundle carrying only Patients and Observations
+    const patient = createPatient();
+    assert(patient.id);
+    const observation = createObservation(patient.id);
+    const bundle: Bundle<Patient | Observation> = {
+        resourceType: "Bundle",
+        type: "transaction",
+        entry: [
+            { fullUrl: `urn:uuid:${patient.id}`, resource: patient },
+            { fullUrl: `urn:uuid:${observation.id}`, resource: observation },
+        ],
+    };
+
+    // TS 5.5+ infers the type predicate from the discriminated union — no explicit `r is Observation` needed
+    const observations: Observation[] = (bundle.entry ?? [])
+        .map((e) => e.resource)
+        .filter((r) => r?.resourceType === "Observation");
+
+    expect(observations).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(observations[0]!.id).toBe("glucose-obs-1");
+});
+
+test("Bundle<T> entry type is BundleEntry<T>", () => {
+    const patient = createPatient();
+    const entry: BundleEntry<Patient> = { fullUrl: `urn:uuid:${patient.id}`, resource: patient };
+    // resource is narrowed to Patient, not Resource
+    expect(entry.resource?.resourceType).toBe("Patient");
+});
+
+test("Bundle defaults to Bundle<Resource> (backwards compatible)", () => {
+    const patient = createPatient();
+    // No type param — entry.resource is Resource | undefined (original behaviour)
+    const bundle: Bundle = {
+        resourceType: "Bundle",
+        type: "collection",
+        entry: [{ fullUrl: `urn:uuid:${patient.id}`, resource: patient }],
+    };
+    expect(bundle.entry).toHaveLength(1);
+});
+
 test("Reference accepts all FHIR literal reference forms", () => {
     // Relative reference — still narrowed to the typed form
     const relative: Observation["subject"] = { reference: "Patient/123" };
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/profiles/Observation_observation_vitalsigns.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/profiles/Observation_observation_vitalsigns.ts
index 146c333d..2ddde60d 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/profiles/Observation_observation_vitalsigns.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/profiles/Observation_observation_vitalsigns.ts
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ export class observation_vitalsignsProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Observation {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        const r = resource as { resourceType?: string; meta?: { profile?: string[] } };
+        if (r.resourceType !== "Observation") return false;
+        return (r.meta?.profile ?? []).includes(observation_vitalsignsProfile.canonicalUrl);
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Observation) : observation_vitalsignsProfile {
         ensureProfile(resource, observation_vitalsignsProfile.canonicalUrl);
         resource.category = ensureSliceDefaults(
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreEthnicityExtension.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreEthnicityExtension.ts
index 6d734099..c64e80b7 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreEthnicityExtension.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreEthnicityExtension.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ export class USCoreEthnicityExtensionProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Extension {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        return (resource as { url?: string }).url === USCoreEthnicityExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Extension) : USCoreEthnicityExtensionProfile {
         resource.url = USCoreEthnicityExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreIndividualSexExtension.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreIndividualSexExtension.ts
index 51942c3e..189b1ebc 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreIndividualSexExtension.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreIndividualSexExtension.ts
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ export class USCoreIndividualSexExtensionProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Extension {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        return (resource as { url?: string }).url === USCoreIndividualSexExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Extension) : USCoreIndividualSexExtensionProfile {
         resource.url = USCoreIndividualSexExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreInterpreterNeededExtension.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreInterpreterNeededExtension.ts
index bcc0496e..f8ef0585 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreInterpreterNeededExtension.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreInterpreterNeededExtension.ts
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ export class USCoreInterpreterNeededExtensionProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Extension {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        return (resource as { url?: string }).url === USCoreInterpreterNeededExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Extension) : USCoreInterpreterNeededExtensionProfile {
         resource.url = USCoreInterpreterNeededExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreRaceExtension.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreRaceExtension.ts
index b78f4234..8a73b39b 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreRaceExtension.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreRaceExtension.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ export class USCoreRaceExtensionProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Extension {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        return (resource as { url?: string }).url === USCoreRaceExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Extension) : USCoreRaceExtensionProfile {
         resource.url = USCoreRaceExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreTribalAffiliationExtension.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreTribalAffiliationExtension.ts
index 0de39adc..ae006426 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreTribalAffiliationExtension.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Extension_USCoreTribalAffiliationExtension.ts
@@ -66,6 +66,11 @@ export class USCoreTribalAffiliationExtensionProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Extension {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        return (resource as { url?: string }).url === USCoreTribalAffiliationExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Extension) : USCoreTribalAffiliationExtensionProfile {
         resource.url = USCoreTribalAffiliationExtensionProfile.canonicalUrl;
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBloodPressureProfile.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBloodPressureProfile.ts
index 8d75076e..2b7ca6de 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBloodPressureProfile.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBloodPressureProfile.ts
@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ export class USCoreBloodPressureProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Observation {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        const r = resource as { resourceType?: string; meta?: { profile?: string[] } };
+        if (r.resourceType !== "Observation") return false;
+        return (r.meta?.profile ?? []).includes(USCoreBloodPressureProfile.canonicalUrl);
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Observation) : USCoreBloodPressureProfile {
         ensureProfile(resource, USCoreBloodPressureProfile.canonicalUrl);
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBodyWeightProfile.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBodyWeightProfile.ts
index e7256bd6..118b7acd 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBodyWeightProfile.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreBodyWeightProfile.ts
@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ export class USCoreBodyWeightProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Observation {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        const r = resource as { resourceType?: string; meta?: { profile?: string[] } };
+        if (r.resourceType !== "Observation") return false;
+        return (r.meta?.profile ?? []).includes(USCoreBodyWeightProfile.canonicalUrl);
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Observation) : USCoreBodyWeightProfile {
         ensureProfile(resource, USCoreBodyWeightProfile.canonicalUrl);
         Object.assign(resource, {
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreVitalSignsProfile.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreVitalSignsProfile.ts
index 846a0aae..0acbe045 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreVitalSignsProfile.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Observation_USCoreVitalSignsProfile.ts
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ export class USCoreVitalSignsProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Observation {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        const r = resource as { resourceType?: string; meta?: { profile?: string[] } };
+        if (r.resourceType !== "Observation") return false;
+        return (r.meta?.profile ?? []).includes(USCoreVitalSignsProfile.canonicalUrl);
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Observation) : USCoreVitalSignsProfile {
         ensureProfile(resource, USCoreVitalSignsProfile.canonicalUrl);
         resource.category = ensureSliceDefaults(
diff --git a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Patient_USCorePatientProfile.ts b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Patient_USCorePatientProfile.ts
index 4a469b49..f9d57316 100644
--- a/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Patient_USCorePatientProfile.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-us-core/fhir-types/hl7-fhir-us-core/profiles/Patient_USCorePatientProfile.ts
@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ export class USCorePatientProfile {
         return profile;
     }
 
+    static is (resource: unknown) : resource is Patient {
+        if (typeof resource !== "object" || resource === null) return false;
+        const r = resource as { resourceType?: string; meta?: { profile?: string[] } };
+        if (r.resourceType !== "Patient") return false;
+        return (r.meta?.profile ?? []).includes(USCorePatientProfile.canonicalUrl);
+    }
+
     static apply (resource: Patient) : USCorePatientProfile {
         ensureProfile(resource, USCorePatientProfile.canonicalUrl);
         return new USCorePatientProfile(resource);
diff --git a/src/api/writer-generator/typescript/writer.ts b/src/api/writer-generator/typescript/writer.ts
index bd7ab5aa..885d4c92 100644
--- a/src/api/writer-generator/typescript/writer.ts
+++ b/src/api/writer-generator/typescript/writer.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 import * as Path from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
-import { uppercaseFirstLetter } from "@root/api/writer-generator/utils";
 import { Writer, type WriterOptions } from "@root/api/writer-generator/writer";
 import {
     type CanonicalUrl,
     isChoiceDeclarationField,
     isComplexTypeIdentifier,
     isLogicalTypeSchema,
+    isNestedTypeSchema,
     isPrimitiveIdentifier,
     isProfileTypeSchema,
     isResourceTypeSchema,
@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ export const resolveTsAssets = (fn: string) => {
     return Path.resolve(__dirname, "../../../..", "assets", "api", "writer-generator", "typescript", fn);
 };
 
+const leafOf = (path: string[]): string => path[path.length - 1] ?? "";
+
+// Schemas that the TS writer renders with a hardcoded `<T extends string>` generic — their IR
+// `generic.params` (if any, computed via structural propagation) must be ignored at reference sites
+// so we don't emit `<T>` args clashing with the hardcoded `T extends string` declaration.
+const TS_HARDCODED_GENERIC_NAMES = new Set(["Reference", "Coding", "CodeableConcept"]);
+
 export type TypeScriptOptions = {
     lineWidth?: number;
     /** openResourceTypeSet -- for resource families (Resource, DomainResource) use open set for resourceType field.
@@ -204,44 +211,50 @@ export class TypeScript extends Writer<TypeScriptOptions> {
         tsIndex: TypeSchemaIndex,
         schema: SpecializationTypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema,
         isFamilyType?: (ref: TypeIdentifier) => boolean,
-    ) {
+    ): void {
         let name: string;
         // Generic types: Reference, Coding, CodeableConcept
         const genericTypes = ["Reference", "Coding", "CodeableConcept"];
-        if (genericTypes.includes(schema.identifier.name)) {
+        const isHardcodedGeneric = genericTypes.includes(schema.identifier.name);
+        if (isHardcodedGeneric) {
             name = `${schema.identifier.name}<T extends string = string>`;
         } else {
             name = tsResourceName(schema.identifier);
         }
 
-        // Collect fields whose type is a resource type family (has children)
-        const typeFamilyFields: { fieldName: string; familyTypeName: string }[] = [];
-        for (const [fieldName, field] of Object.entries(schema.fields ?? {})) {
-            if (isChoiceDeclarationField(field) || !field.type) continue;
-            const fieldTypeSchema = tsIndex.resolveType(field.type);
-            if (
-                isSpecializationTypeSchema(fieldTypeSchema) &&
-                (fieldTypeSchema.typeFamily?.resources?.length ?? 0) > 0
-            ) {
-                typeFamilyFields.push({ fieldName: tsFieldName(fieldName), familyTypeName: field.type.name });
+        // Generic params come from the IR (populated for all generic-bearing schemas, top-level + nested).
+        // Hardcoded TS specials (Reference/Coding/CodeableConcept) get their `<T extends string>` above.
+        const params = isHardcodedGeneric ? [] : (schema.generic?.params ?? []);
+
+        // Per-field substitutions: walk fields once, deciding for each whether its type substitutes
+        // with a schema param (introduce) or its reference appends args (passthrough). Aligning by
+        // leaf segment of the param's `path` matches deep origins across nesting hops.
+        const fieldMap: Record<string, string> = {};
+        const nestedArgsByField: Record<string, string> = {};
+        if (!isHardcodedGeneric) {
+            for (const [fieldName, field] of Object.entries(schema.fields ?? {})) {
+                if (isChoiceDeclarationField(field) || !field.type) continue;
+                const target = tsIndex.resolveType(field.type);
+                if (!target || TS_HARDCODED_GENERIC_NAMES.has(target.identifier.name)) continue;
+                const tsName = tsFieldName(fieldName);
+                const targetParams =
+                    isNestedTypeSchema(target) || isSpecializationTypeSchema(target)
+                        ? target.generic?.params
+                        : undefined;
+                if (targetParams?.length) {
+                    const args = targetParams.map(
+                        (tp) => params.find((q) => leafOf(q.path) === leafOf(tp.path))?.typeVar ?? tp.typeVar,
+                    );
+                    nestedArgsByField[tsName] = `<${args.join(", ")}>`;
+                } else if (isSpecializationTypeSchema(target) && (target.typeFamily?.resources?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
+                    const p = params.find((q) => leafOf(q.path) === fieldName);
+                    if (p) fieldMap[tsName] = p.typeVar;
+                }
             }
         }
-
-        // Build generic params from type-family fields
-        const genericFieldMap: Record<string, string> = {};
-        if (!genericTypes.includes(schema.identifier.name) && typeFamilyFields.length > 0) {
-            const [first, ...rest] = typeFamilyFields;
-            if (first && rest.length === 0) {
-                genericFieldMap[first.fieldName] = "T";
-                name += `<T extends ${first.familyTypeName} = ${first.familyTypeName}>`;
-            } else {
-                const params = typeFamilyFields.map((tf) => {
-                    const paramName = `T${uppercaseFirstLetter(tf.fieldName)}`;
-                    genericFieldMap[tf.fieldName] = paramName;
-                    return `${paramName} extends ${tf.familyTypeName} = ${tf.familyTypeName}`;
-                });
-                name += `<${params.join(", ")}>`;
-            }
+        if (!isHardcodedGeneric && params.length > 0) {
+            const declParams = params.map((p) => `${p.typeVar} extends ${p.constraint.name} = ${p.constraint.name}`);
+            name += `<${declParams.join(", ")}>`;
         }
 
         let extendsClause: string | undefined;
@@ -282,12 +295,13 @@ export class TypeScript extends Writer<TypeScriptOptions> {
                     tsName,
                     field,
                     undefined,
-                    genericFieldMap,
+                    fieldMap,
                     isFamilyType,
                 );
                 const optionalSymbol = field.required ? "" : "?";
                 const arraySymbol = field.array ? "[]" : "";
-                this.lineSM(`${tsName}${optionalSymbol}: ${tsType}${arraySymbol}`);
+                const nestedArgs = nestedArgsByField[tsName] ?? "";
+                this.lineSM(`${tsName}${optionalSymbol}: ${tsType}${nestedArgs}${arraySymbol}`);
 
                 if (this.withPrimitiveTypeExtension(schema)) {
                     if (isPrimitiveIdentifier(field.type)) {
@@ -322,12 +336,11 @@ export class TypeScript extends Writer<TypeScriptOptions> {
         tsIndex: TypeSchemaIndex,
         schema: SpecializationTypeSchema,
         isFamilyType?: (ref: TypeIdentifier) => boolean,
-    ) {
-        if (schema.nested) {
-            for (const subtype of schema.nested) {
-                this.generateType(tsIndex, subtype, isFamilyType);
-                this.line();
-            }
+    ): void {
+        if (!schema.nested) return;
+        for (const subtype of schema.nested) {
+            this.generateType(tsIndex, subtype, isFamilyType);
+            this.line();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/typeschema/types.ts b/src/typeschema/types.ts
index cd0ccb3e..ea99121d 100644
--- a/src/typeschema/types.ts
+++ b/src/typeschema/types.ts
@@ -218,10 +218,30 @@ interface PrimitiveTypeSchema {
     dependencies?: TypeIdentifier[];
 }
 
+export type GenericParam = {
+    typeVar: string;
+    constraint: TypeIdentifier;
+    /** Path from this schema down to the typeFamily-rooted field that introduces the param.
+     *  Single segment for a direct introduce (e.g. `["outcome"]` on `BundleEntryResponse`);
+     *  carrier fields are prepended as the param surfaces through passthrough (e.g.
+     *  `["response", "outcome"]` on `BundleEntry`, `["entry", "response", "outcome"]` on
+     *  `Bundle`). Used to align passthrough args across nesting hops. */
+    path: string[];
+};
+
+/** Generic params a schema exposes — populated during index build (after
+ *  `populateTypeFamily`). Each param either binds directly to a field whose type is a
+ *  type-family root (e.g. `BundleEntry.resource: Resource` → T extends Resource) or
+ *  is inherited from a generic-bearing field's target (passthrough). */
+export type GenericInfo = {
+    params: GenericParam[];
+};
+
 export interface NestedTypeSchema {
     identifier: NestedIdentifier;
     base: TypeIdentifier;
     fields: Record<string, Field>;
+    generic?: GenericInfo;
 }
 
 export interface ProfileTypeSchema {
@@ -299,6 +319,7 @@ type SpecializationTypeSchemaBody = {
     dependencies?: Identifier[];
     /** Transitive children grouped by kind (e.g. Resource → { resources: [DomainResource, Patient, …] }) */
     typeFamily?: TypeFamily;
+    generic?: GenericInfo;
 };
 
 export type TypeFamily = {
diff --git a/src/typeschema/utils.ts b/src/typeschema/utils.ts
index 87c46dda..a9e45eda 100644
--- a/src/typeschema/utils.ts
+++ b/src/typeschema/utils.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ import {
     type ChoiceFieldInstance,
     type ComplexTypeTypeSchema,
     type ConstrainedChoiceInfo,
+    concatIdentifiers,
     type Field,
+    type GenericParam,
     type Identifier,
     isChoiceDeclarationField,
     isChoiceInstanceField,
@@ -150,6 +152,143 @@ const populateTypeFamily = (schemas: TypeSchema[]): void => {
     }
 };
 
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Generic Params
+
+type GenericContribution =
+    | { kind: "introduce"; fieldName: string; constraint: TypeIdentifier }
+    | { kind: "passthrough"; fieldName: string; params: GenericParam[] };
+
+const collectGenericContributions = (
+    schema: SpecializationTypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema,
+    resolveType: (id: TypeIdentifier) => TypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema | undefined,
+): GenericContribution[] => {
+    const contributions: GenericContribution[] = [];
+    for (const [fieldName, field] of Object.entries(schema.fields ?? {})) {
+        if (isChoiceDeclarationField(field) || !field.type) continue;
+        const target = resolveType(field.type);
+        if (!target) continue;
+        if (isNestedTypeSchema(target)) {
+            const params = target.generic?.params;
+            if (params?.length) contributions.push({ kind: "passthrough", fieldName, params });
+        } else if (isSpecializationTypeSchema(target)) {
+            const params = target.generic?.params;
+            if (params?.length) {
+                contributions.push({ kind: "passthrough", fieldName, params });
+            } else if ((target.typeFamily?.resources?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
+                contributions.push({ kind: "introduce", fieldName, constraint: field.type });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return contributions;
+};
+
+const samePath = (a: string[], b: string[]): boolean => a.length === b.length && a.every((s, i) => s === b[i]);
+const leafOf = (path: string[]): string => path[path.length - 1] ?? "";
+
+const renderGenericParams = (contributions: GenericContribution[]): GenericParam[] => {
+    // Collect raw {path, constraint} pairs. Introduce contributions create single-segment paths
+    // (the field name); passthrough contributions prepend the carrier field to each inherited
+    // param's path. Dedup by leaf (last segment) — multiple fields with the same deepest origin
+    // share one generic param, so callers narrow once and many fields update at once.
+    type Raw = { path: string[]; constraint: TypeIdentifier };
+    const raw: Raw[] = [];
+    for (const c of contributions) {
+        if (c.kind === "introduce") {
+            const path = [c.fieldName];
+            if (!raw.find((r) => leafOf(r.path) === leafOf(path))) {
+                raw.push({ path, constraint: c.constraint });
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (const np of c.params) {
+                const path = [c.fieldName, ...np.path];
+                if (!raw.find((r) => leafOf(r.path) === leafOf(path))) {
+                    raw.push({ path, constraint: np.constraint });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (raw.length === 0) return [];
+    // Single param → "T"; multiple → "T1", "T2", … positional names.
+    return raw.map((r, i) => ({
+        typeVar: raw.length === 1 ? "T" : `T${i + 1}`,
+        constraint: r.constraint,
+        path: r.path,
+    }));
+};
+
+/** Populate `generic.params` on every specialization schema (top-level and nested).
+ *  A schema becomes generic when one of its fields targets a type-family root
+ *  (introduce) or a generic-bearing schema (passthrough). Param naming: single param
+ *  → "T"; multiple → "T1", "T2", … positional. Each param keeps its `sourceField`
+ *  (the deep field that originally introduced it) so passthrough args align across
+ *  hops. Iterates to a fixpoint so order doesn't matter. */
+const populateGeneric = (
+    schemas: TypeSchema[],
+    resolveType: (id: TypeIdentifier) => TypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema | undefined,
+): void => {
+    type Carrier = SpecializationTypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema;
+    const carriers: Carrier[] = [];
+    for (const schema of schemas) {
+        if (isSpecializationTypeSchema(schema)) {
+            carriers.push(schema);
+            for (const nested of schema.nested ?? []) carriers.push(nested);
+        } else if (isProfileTypeSchema(schema)) {
+            // Profiles aren't generic-bearing themselves (deliberately out of scope), but their
+            // nested types follow the same rules as specializations'.
+            for (const nested of schema.nested ?? []) carriers.push(nested);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Clear stale data — schemas may be mutated by a previous index build (replaceSchemas).
+    for (const c of carriers) c.generic = undefined;
+
+    const sameParams = (a: GenericParam[], b: GenericParam[]): boolean => {
+        if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+        for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+            const x = a[i]!;
+            const y = b[i]!;
+            if (x.typeVar !== y.typeVar || !samePath(x.path, y.path) || x.constraint.url !== y.constraint.url)
+                return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    // Fixpoint: passthrough between schemas means processing order doesn't fully resolve in one pass.
+    // Iterate until no changes; bounded by the total number of carriers as a safety cap.
+    let changed = true;
+    let iter = 0;
+    while (changed && iter++ <= carriers.length) {
+        changed = false;
+        for (const c of carriers) {
+            const newParams = renderGenericParams(collectGenericContributions(c, resolveType));
+            const oldParams = c.generic?.params ?? [];
+            if (sameParams(oldParams, newParams)) continue;
+            c.generic = newParams.length > 0 ? { params: newParams } : undefined;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Ensure each schema's dependency list includes its generic constraint types so writers
+    // emit the corresponding imports. Top-level specializations have a `dependencies` array;
+    // nested types don't (their imports come via the parent schema's dependencies).
+    for (const schema of schemas) {
+        if (!isSpecializationTypeSchema(schema)) continue;
+        const constraints: Identifier[] = [];
+        const collect = (params: GenericParam[]) => {
+            for (const p of params) {
+                if (!isNestedIdentifier(p.constraint)) constraints.push(p.constraint);
+            }
+        };
+        if (schema.generic) collect(schema.generic.params);
+        for (const nested of schema.nested ?? []) {
+            if (nested.generic) collect(nested.generic.params);
+        }
+        if (constraints.length === 0) continue;
+        schema.dependencies = concatIdentifiers(schema.dependencies, constraints) ?? schema.dependencies;
+    }
+};
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Type Schema Index
 
@@ -234,6 +373,8 @@ export const mkTypeSchemaIndex = (
         if (isNestedIdentifier(id)) return nestedIndex[id.url]?.[id.package];
         return index[id.url]?.[id.package];
     };
+
+    populateGeneric(schemas, resolveType);
     const resolveByUrl = (pkgName: PkgName, url: CanonicalUrl): TypeSchema | NestedTypeSchema | undefined => {
         if (register) {
             const resolutionTree = register.resolutionTree();
diff --git a/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/introspection.test.ts.snap b/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/introspection.test.ts.snap
index cba8107c..bacdd839 100644
--- a/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/introspection.test.ts.snap
+++ b/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/introspection.test.ts.snap
@@ -1938,6 +1938,37 @@ exports[`IntrospectionWriter - TypeSchema output Check Bundle type schema 1`] =
           "required": false,
           "excluded": false
         }
+      },
+      "generic": {
+        "params": [
+          {
+            "typeVar": "T1",
+            "constraint": {
+              "kind": "resource",
+              "package": "hl7.fhir.r4.core",
+              "version": "4.0.1",
+              "name": "Resource",
+              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
+            },
+            "path": [
+              "resource"
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "typeVar": "T2",
+            "constraint": {
+              "kind": "resource",
+              "package": "hl7.fhir.r4.core",
+              "version": "4.0.1",
+              "name": "Resource",
+              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
+            },
+            "path": [
+              "response",
+              "outcome"
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
       }
     },
     {
@@ -2124,6 +2155,23 @@ exports[`IntrospectionWriter - TypeSchema output Check Bundle type schema 1`] =
           "excluded": false,
           "array": false
         }
+      },
+      "generic": {
+        "params": [
+          {
+            "typeVar": "T",
+            "constraint": {
+              "kind": "resource",
+              "package": "hl7.fhir.r4.core",
+              "version": "4.0.1",
+              "name": "Resource",
+              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
+            },
+            "path": [
+              "outcome"
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
       }
     },
     {
@@ -2319,7 +2367,40 @@ exports[`IntrospectionWriter - TypeSchema output Check Bundle type schema 1`] =
       "name": "SearchEntryMode",
       "url": "urn:fhir:binding:SearchEntryMode"
     }
-  ]
+  ],
+  "generic": {
+    "params": [
+      {
+        "typeVar": "T1",
+        "constraint": {
+          "kind": "resource",
+          "package": "hl7.fhir.r4.core",
+          "version": "4.0.1",
+          "name": "Resource",
+          "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
+        },
+        "path": [
+          "entry",
+          "resource"
+        ]
+      },
+      {
+        "typeVar": "T2",
+        "constraint": {
+          "kind": "resource",
+          "package": "hl7.fhir.r4.core",
+          "version": "4.0.1",
+          "name": "Resource",
+          "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
+        },
+        "path": [
+          "entry",
+          "response",
+          "outcome"
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
 }"
 `;
 
@@ -2513,10 +2594,10 @@ exports[`IntrospectionWriter - TypeSchema output Check CodableConcept type schem
 
 exports[`IntrospectionWriter - TypeSchema output Check all introspection data in a single ndjson file 1`] = `
 "{"identifier":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"OperationOutcome","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/OperationOutcome"},"base":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"DomainResource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"},"fields":{"issue":{"type":{"kind":"nested","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"issue","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/OperationOutcome#issue"},"array":true,"required":true,"excluded":false}},"nested":[{"identifier":{"kind":"nested","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"issue","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/OperationOutcome#issue"},"base":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"BackboneElement","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/BackboneElement"},"fields":{"severity":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},"required":true,"excluded":false,"array":false,"binding":{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueSeverity","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueSeverity"},"enum":{"isOpen":false,"values":["fatal","error","warning","information"]}},"code":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},"required":true,"excluded":false,"array":false,"binding":{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueType","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueType"},"enum":{"isOpen":false,"values":["invalid","structure","required","value","invariant","security","login","unknown","expired","forbidden","suppressed","processing","not-supported","duplicate","multiple-matches","not-found","deleted","too-long","code-invalid","extension","too-costly","business-rule","conflict","transient","lock-error","no-store","exception","timeout","incomplete","throttled","informational"]}},"details":{"type":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"CodeableConcept","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false,"binding":{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueDetails","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueDetails"}},"diagnostics":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"location":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":true},"expression":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":true}}}],"description":"A collection of error, warning, or information messages that result from a system action.","dependencies":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"BackboneElement","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/BackboneElement"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"CodeableConcept","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept"},{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"DomainResource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueDetails","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueDetails"},{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueSeverity","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueSeverity"},{"kind":"binding","package":"shared","version":"1.0.0","name":"IssueType","url":"urn:fhir:binding:IssueType"}]}
-{"identifier":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"DomainResource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"},"base":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"},"fields":{"text":{"type":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Narrative","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Narrative"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"contained":{"type":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":true}},"description":"A resource that includes narrative, extensions, and contained resources.","dependencies":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Narrative","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Narrative"},{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"}],"typeFamily":{"resources":[{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"OperationOutcome","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/OperationOutcome"}]}}
+{"identifier":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"DomainResource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"},"base":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"},"fields":{"text":{"type":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Narrative","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Narrative"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"contained":{"type":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":true}},"description":"A resource that includes narrative, extensions, and contained resources.","dependencies":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Narrative","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Narrative"},{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"}],"typeFamily":{"resources":[{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"OperationOutcome","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/OperationOutcome"}]},"generic":{"params":[{"typeVar":"T","constraint":{"kind":"resource","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Resource","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"},"path":["contained"]}]}}
 {"identifier":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"BackboneElement","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/BackboneElement"},"base":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"},"fields":{},"description":"Base StructureDefinition for BackboneElement Type: Base definition for all elements that are defined inside a resource - but not those in a data type.","dependencies":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"}],"typeFamily":{"complexTypes":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Dosage","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Dosage"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"ElementDefinition","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ElementDefinition"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"MarketingStatus","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MarketingStatus"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Population","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Population"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"ProdCharacteristic","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProdCharacteristic"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"ProductShelfLife","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProductShelfLife"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"SubstanceAmount","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SubstanceAmount"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Timing","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Timing"}]}}
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 {"identifier":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Coding","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Coding"},"base":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"},"fields":{"system":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"uri","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/uri"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"version":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"code":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"display":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false},"userSelected":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"boolean","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/boolean"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false}},"description":"Base StructureDefinition for Coding Type: A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.","dependencies":[{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"boolean","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/boolean"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"uri","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/uri"}]}
 {"identifier":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"CodeableConcept","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept"},"base":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"},"fields":{"coding":{"type":{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Coding","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Coding"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":true},"text":{"type":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"required":false,"excluded":false,"array":false}},"description":"Base StructureDefinition for CodeableConcept Type: A concept that may be defined by a formal reference to a terminology or ontology or may be provided by text.","dependencies":[{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Coding","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Coding"},{"kind":"complex-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"Element","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"},{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"}]}
 {"identifier":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"code","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/code"},"description":"Base StructureDefinition for code type: A string which has at least one character and no leading or trailing whitespace and where there is no whitespace other than single spaces in the contents","base":{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"},"dependencies":[{"kind":"primitive-type","package":"hl7.fhir.r4.core","version":"4.0.1","name":"string","url":"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/string"}]}
diff --git a/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/typescript.test.ts.snap b/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/typescript.test.ts.snap
index 70019818..d6aec051 100644
--- a/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/typescript.test.ts.snap
+++ b/test/api/write-generator/__snapshots__/typescript.test.ts.snap
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export interface CodeableConcept<T extends string = string> extends Element {
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`TypeScript Writer Generator generates BundleEntry with generic type-family parameter 1`] = `
+exports[`TypeScript Writer Generator generates BundleEntry with generic type-family parameters 1`] = `
 "// WARNING: This file is autogenerated by @atomic-ehr/codegen.
 // GitHub: https://github.com/atomic-ehr/codegen
 // Any manual changes made to this file may be overwritten.
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ export type { BackboneElement } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/BackboneElement";
 export type { Identifier } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Identifier";
 export type { Signature } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Signature";
 
-export interface BundleEntry<T extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
+export interface BundleEntry<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
     fullUrl?: string;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     request?: BundleEntryRequest;
-    resource?: T;
-    response?: BundleEntryResponse;
+    resource?: T1;
+    response?: BundleEntryResponse<T2>;
     search?: BundleEntrySearch;
 }
 
@@ -180,10 +180,10 @@ export interface BundleLink extends BackboneElement {
 }
 
 // CanonicalURL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Bundle (pkg: hl7.fhir.r4.core#4.0.1)
-export interface Bundle extends Resource {
+export interface Bundle<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends Resource {
     resourceType: "Bundle";
 
-    entry?: BundleEntry[];
+    entry?: BundleEntry<T1, T2>[];
     identifier?: Identifier;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     signature?: Signature;
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ export const isBundle = (resource: unknown): resource is Bundle => {
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`TypeScript Writer Generator generates Bundle with generic entry type (nested generic propagation) 1`] = `
+exports[`TypeScript Writer Generator generates Bundle with inherited generic params from BundleEntry 1`] = `
 "// WARNING: This file is autogenerated by @atomic-ehr/codegen.
 // GitHub: https://github.com/atomic-ehr/codegen
 // Any manual changes made to this file may be overwritten.
@@ -215,12 +215,12 @@ export type { BackboneElement } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/BackboneElement";
 export type { Identifier } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Identifier";
 export type { Signature } from "../hl7-fhir-r4-core/Signature";
 
-export interface BundleEntry<T extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
+export interface BundleEntry<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends BackboneElement {
     fullUrl?: string;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     request?: BundleEntryRequest;
-    resource?: T;
-    response?: BundleEntryResponse;
+    resource?: T1;
+    response?: BundleEntryResponse<T2>;
     search?: BundleEntrySearch;
 }
 
@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@ export interface BundleLink extends BackboneElement {
 }
 
 // CanonicalURL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Bundle (pkg: hl7.fhir.r4.core#4.0.1)
-export interface Bundle extends Resource {
+export interface Bundle<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource> extends Resource {
     resourceType: "Bundle";
 
-    entry?: BundleEntry[];
+    entry?: BundleEntry<T1, T2>[];
     identifier?: Identifier;
     link?: BundleLink[];
     signature?: Signature;
diff --git a/test/api/write-generator/multi-package/__snapshots__/cda.test.ts.snap b/test/api/write-generator/multi-package/__snapshots__/cda.test.ts.snap
index 8cba7c86..4bb07c68 100644
--- a/test/api/write-generator/multi-package/__snapshots__/cda.test.ts.snap
+++ b/test/api/write-generator/multi-package/__snapshots__/cda.test.ts.snap
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import type { ANY } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/ANY";
 import type { Authenticator } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/Authenticator";
 import type { Author } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/Author";
 import type { Authorization } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/Authorization";
+import type { Base } from "../hl7-fhir-r5-core/Base";
 import type { CD } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/CD";
 import type { CE } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/CE";
 import type { Component } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/Component";
@@ -30,33 +31,35 @@ import type { ST } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/ST";
 import type { TS } from "../hl7-cda-uv-core/TS";
 
 import type { Element } from "../hl7-fhir-r5-core/Element";
+export type { Base } from "../hl7-fhir-r5-core/Base";
+
 // CanonicalURL: http://hl7.org/cda/stds/core/StructureDefinition/ClinicalDocument (pkg: hl7.cda.uv.core#2.0.1-sd)
-export interface ClinicalDocument extends ANY {
-    authenticator?: Authenticator[];
-    author: Author[];
+export interface ClinicalDocument<T extends Base = Base> extends ANY {
+    authenticator?: Authenticator<T>[];
+    author: Author<T>[];
     authorization?: Authorization[];
     classCode?: string;
     _classCode?: Element;
     code: CE;
-    component: Component;
-    componentOf?: ComponentOf;
+    component: Component<T>;
+    componentOf?: ComponentOf<T>;
     confidentialityCode: CE;
     copyTime?: TS;
     custodian: Custodian;
-    dataEnterer?: DataEnterer;
-    documentationOf?: DocumentationOf[];
+    dataEnterer?: DataEnterer<T>;
+    documentationOf?: DocumentationOf<T>[];
     effectiveTime: TS;
     id: II;
-    informant?: Informant[];
-    informationRecipient?: InformationRecipient[];
+    informant?: Informant<T>[];
+    informationRecipient?: InformationRecipient<T>[];
     inFulfillmentOf?: InFulfillmentOf[];
     languageCode?: CS;
-    legalAuthenticator?: LegalAuthenticator;
+    legalAuthenticator?: LegalAuthenticator<T>;
     moodCode?: ("INT" | "APT" | "ARQ" | "PRMS" | "PRP" | "RQO" | "SLOT" | "DEF" | "EVN" | "EVN.CRT" | "GOL" | "OPT" | "PERM" | "PERMRQ");
     _moodCode?: Element;
-    participant?: Participant1[];
+    participant?: Participant1<T>[];
     realmCode?: CS[];
-    recordTarget: RecordTarget[];
+    recordTarget: RecordTarget<T>[];
     relatedDocument?: RelatedDocument[];
     sdtcCategory?: CD[];
     sdtcStatusCode?: CS;
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, PositiveInt
 from typing import Any, List as PyList, Literal
 
+from fhir_types.hl7_fhir_r5_core.base import Base
 
 
 class ClinicalDocument(ANY):
diff --git a/test/api/write-generator/typescript.test.ts b/test/api/write-generator/typescript.test.ts
index 65fc7c6c..cd51945e 100644
--- a/test/api/write-generator/typescript.test.ts
+++ b/test/api/write-generator/typescript.test.ts
@@ -27,14 +27,21 @@ describe("TypeScript Writer Generator", async () => {
         expect(ccTs).toContain("coding?: Coding<T>[]");
         expect(ccTs).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
-    it("generates BundleEntry with generic type-family parameter", async () => {
+    it("generates BundleEntry with generic type-family parameters", async () => {
         const bundleTs = files["generated/types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts"];
-        expect(bundleTs).toContain("export interface BundleEntry<T extends Resource = Resource>");
-        expect(bundleTs).toContain("resource?: T");
+        expect(bundleTs).toContain(
+            "export interface BundleEntry<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource>",
+        );
+        expect(bundleTs).toContain("resource?: T1");
+        expect(bundleTs).toContain("response?: BundleEntryResponse<T2>");
         expect(bundleTs).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
-    it("generates Bundle with generic entry type (nested generic propagation)", async () => {
+    it("generates Bundle with inherited generic params from BundleEntry", async () => {
         const bundleTs = files["generated/types/hl7-fhir-r4-core/Bundle.ts"];
+        expect(bundleTs).toContain(
+            "export interface Bundle<T1 extends Resource = Resource, T2 extends Resource = Resource>",
+        );
+        expect(bundleTs).toContain("entry?: BundleEntry<T1, T2>[]");
         expect(bundleTs).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
     it("generates BundleEntryResponse with generic type-family parameter", async () => {