tessbridge.cpp:5:10: fatal error: 'leptonica/allheaders.h' file not found #324
Description
When I run go build , I Got bellow:
当我运行 go build 时，我遇到了如下报错
My env:
我的环境如下：
- golang: 1.24.2 darwin/arm64
- tesseract: tesseract 5.5.0 leptonica-1.85.0
- operating system：Mac Os 13.5.1
- PC: MacBook Pro with M1 chip
It took me a lot of time to find a solution，So I recorded it to contribute to everyone。
这个问题花费了我很多时间去寻找解决方案，故我将它记录下来以便给后续遇到同样问题的人节省时间。
Without further ado, let's get to the point. I will explain this problem in order of causes and solutions.
闲话少说，这就步入正题，我将依次按出现原因，解决方式来讲清楚这个问题。
First, let's print the compilation plan first to see where the C/C++ header file library directory is specified during actual compilation.
首先，我们先打印编译计划，看看实际编译时 c/c++ 的头文件库目录指定是哪里
$go build
$ go list -e -json -compiled -x ，
Find the following line
在其中找到下面这一行：
cd /Users/xuxiaozhou/go/pkg/mod/github.com/otiai10/gosseract/[email protected]
TERM='dumb' c++ -I . -fPIC -arch arm64 -pthread -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -ffile-prefix-map=$WORK/b258=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches -fno-common -Wno-unused-result -I $WORK/b258/ -O2 -g -std=c++0x -frandom-seed=_smLv7B2OJukRbCGnxUd -o $WORK/b258/_x003.o -c tessbridge.cpp
From "dumb' c++ -I . ", we can see that the compiler searches for header files in the current directory (indicated by the dot .) in addition to the standard library and other default search paths.
从 “dumb' c++ -I . ” 可知，编译器除了标准库和其他默认的搜索路径之外，还要在当前目录（由点 . 表示）下查找头文件。
Next, let’s look for the reasons
其次，我们来寻找原因
But my tesseract header file directory is '/opt/homebrew/include', which is not included, so it prompts that 'leptonica/allheaders.h' cannot be found, so I need to add the #cgo compilation parameter to specify it.
但我的tesseract头文件目录是'/opt/homebrew/include'，没有被包含在内，所以提示找不到'leptonica/allheaders.h'，故需要添加#cgo 编译参数来进行指定。
Finally, let’s look at the solution
最后，我们来看解决方案
Open the client.go file in the gosseract project and replace the following code:
打开gosseract项目下的client.go文件，将如下代码
// #if __FreeBSD__ >= 10 // #cgo LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/lib -llept -ltesseract // #else // #cgo CXXFLAGS: -std=c++0x // #cgo LDFLAGS: -llept -ltesseract // #cgo CPPFLAGS: -Wno-unused-result // #endif // #include <stdlib.h> // #include <stdbool.h> // #include "tessbridge.h"
Replace with:
替换成：
/// #if __FreeBSD__ >= 10 // #cgo LDFLAGS: -L/opt/homebrew/lib -lleptonica -ltesseract // #else // #cgo CXXFLAGS: -I/opt/homebrew/include -std=c++11 // #cgo LDFLAGS: -L/opt/homebrew/lib -lleptonica -ltesseract // #cgo CPPFLAGS: -Wno-unused-result // #endif // #include <stdlib.h> // #include <stdbool.h> // #include "tessbridge.h"
Note that ‘#cgo CXXFLAGS: -I/opt/homebrew/include -std=c++11’ tells the compiler to add the I/opt/homebrew/include directory to the header file search directory when compiling the C++ program.
注意，‘#cgo CXXFLAGS: -I/opt/homebrew/include -std=c++11’ 这一句是告知编译c++程序时头文件搜索目录要加上I/opt/homebrew/include目录。
If you follow the AI model prompt to add CGO_CFLAGS='-I/opt/homebrew/include', it will not solve the problem because CGO_CFLAGS controls the search directory for header files that need to be added when compiling the C language.
而如果你按AI大模型提示添加 CGO_CFLAGS='-I/opt/homebrew/include'，是解决不了问题的。因为CGO_CFLAGS控制的是编译c语言时需要加上的头文件搜索目录。
And '#cgo LDFLAGS: -L/opt/homebrew/lib -lleptonica -ltesseract' tells the compiler the location of the tesseract dynamic link library file when compiling.
而‘#cgo LDFLAGS: -L/opt/homebrew/lib -lleptonica -ltesseract’ 是告知编译器在编译时tesseract的动态链接库文件的位置。
Finally, we verify
最终，我们来进行验证
$ go clean -cache
$ go build
You will find that the error has disappeared, that is, the compilation is successful.
你将会发现报错消失了，即编译通过