diff --git a/docs/src/traits/enum.md b/docs/src/traits/enum.md
index 068a3b6c1..156dcbf15 100644
--- a/docs/src/traits/enum.md
+++ b/docs/src/traits/enum.md
@@ -59,6 +59,25 @@ FactoryBot.define do
 end
 ```
 
+If you want to override `FactoryBot.automatically_define_enum_traits` on a
+per-model basis, you can use an additional attribute on your factory:
+
+```rb
+FactoryBot.define do
+  factory :task, automatically_define_enum_traits: false do
+    status { :queued }
+
+    trait :in_progress do
+      status { :started }
+    end
+
+    trait :complete do
+      status {:finished }
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
 It is also possible to use this feature for other enumerable values, not
 specifically tied to Active Record enum attributes.
 
diff --git a/lib/factory_bot/definition.rb b/lib/factory_bot/definition.rb
index b393882a3..49d9f643d 100644
--- a/lib/factory_bot/definition.rb
+++ b/lib/factory_bot/definition.rb
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ def initialize(name, base_traits = [], **opts)
       @constructor = nil
       @attributes = nil
       @compiled = false
+      @automatically_define_enum_traits = opts[:automatically_define_enum_traits]
       @expanded_enum_traits = false
     end
 
@@ -203,8 +204,13 @@ def automatically_register_defined_enums(klass)
     end
 
     def automatically_register_defined_enums?(klass)
-      FactoryBot.automatically_define_enum_traits &&
-        klass.respond_to?(:defined_enums)
+      automatically_define_enum_traits = if @automatically_define_enum_traits.nil?
+        FactoryBot.automatically_define_enum_traits
+      else
+        @automatically_define_enum_traits
+      end
+
+      automatically_define_enum_traits && klass.respond_to?(:defined_enums)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/factory_bot/factory.rb b/lib/factory_bot/factory.rb
index 3e34107c0..b92ea8c77 100644
--- a/lib/factory_bot/factory.rb
+++ b/lib/factory_bot/factory.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@ def initialize(name, options = {})
       @aliases = options[:aliases] || []
       @class_name = options[:class]
       @uri_manager = FactoryBot::UriManager.new(names)
-      @definition = Definition.new(@name, options[:traits] || [], uri_manager: @uri_manager)
+      @definition = Definition.new(
+        @name,
+        options[:traits] || [],
+        automatically_define_enum_traits: options[:automatically_define_enum_traits],
+        uri_manager: @uri_manager
+      )
       @compiled = false
     end
 
@@ -148,7 +153,7 @@ def compiled_constructor
     private
 
     def assert_valid_options(options)
-      options.assert_valid_keys(:class, :parent, :aliases, :traits)
+      options.assert_valid_keys(:class, :parent, :aliases, :traits, :automatically_define_enum_traits)
     end
 
     def parent
diff --git a/spec/acceptance/enum_traits_spec.rb b/spec/acceptance/enum_traits_spec.rb
index 5c6a20ecf..f0e54573b 100644
--- a/spec/acceptance/enum_traits_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/acceptance/enum_traits_spec.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ def define_model_with_enum(class_name, field, values)
     end
   end
 
-  context "when automatically_define_enum_traits is true" do
+  context "when FactoryBot.automatically_define_enum_traits is true" do
     it "builds traits automatically for model enum field" do
       define_model_with_enum("Task", :status, {queued: 0, started: 1, finished: 2})
 
@@ -119,9 +119,45 @@ def each(&block)
         expect(task.status).to eq(trait_name)
       end
     end
+
+    context "when the factory specifies automatically_define_enum_traits as false" do
+      it "raises an error for undefined traits" do
+        define_model_with_enum("Task", :status, {queued: 0, started: 1, finished: 2})
+
+        FactoryBot.define do
+          factory :task, automatically_define_enum_traits: false
+        end
+
+        Task.statuses.each_key do |trait_name|
+          expect { FactoryBot.build(:task, trait_name) }.to raise_error(
+            KeyError, "Trait not registered: \"#{trait_name}\""
+          )
+        end
+
+        Task.reset_column_information
+      end
+
+      it "builds traits for each enumerated value when traits_for_enum are specified" do
+        define_model_with_enum("Task", :status, {queued: 0, started: 1, finished: 2})
+
+        FactoryBot.define do
+          factory :task, automatically_define_enum_traits: false do
+            traits_for_enum(:status)
+          end
+        end
+
+        Task.statuses.each_key do |trait_name|
+          task = FactoryBot.build(:task, trait_name)
+
+          expect(task.status).to eq(trait_name)
+        end
+
+        Task.reset_column_information
+      end
+    end
   end
 
-  context "when automatically_define_enum_traits is false" do
+  context "when FactoryBot.automatically_define_enum_traits is false" do
     it "raises an error for undefined traits" do
       with_temporary_assignment(FactoryBot, :automatically_define_enum_traits, false) do
         define_model_with_enum("Task", :status, {queued: 0, started: 1, finished: 2})
@@ -159,5 +195,25 @@ def each(&block)
         Task.reset_column_information
       end
     end
+
+    context "when the factory specifies automatically_define_enum_traits as true" do
+      it "builds traits automatically for model enum field" do
+        with_temporary_assignment(FactoryBot, :automatically_define_enum_traits, false) do
+          define_model_with_enum("Task", :status, {queued: 0, started: 1, finished: 2})
+
+          FactoryBot.define do
+            factory :task, automatically_define_enum_traits: true
+          end
+
+          Task.statuses.each_key do |trait_name|
+            task = FactoryBot.build(:task, trait_name)
+
+            expect(task.status).to eq(trait_name)
+          end
+
+          Task.reset_column_information
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end