SQLite: cap trigger recursion for WebAssembly stacks

[brandonpayton]

What this does

#907 already landed the platform memory-management and syscall-path fixes that the old composite SQLite stack depended on. This PR does not copy those runtime changes.

The remaining change is deliberately small:

• build both the shipped SQLite library and the official testfixture with a trigger recursion limit of 50;
• keep the sqllimits1.test SQL-length filler comment-only so that test reaches the SQL-length limit instead of the lower expression-depth limit;
• document both WebAssembly stack boundaries.

This PR is stacked on focused #780, which owns the compound-select, expression-depth, and JSON-depth limits. Its unique diff is one commit and five files.

Deliberately removed

I removed the old #769 ancestry, mmap/runtime work, broad harness changes, the no_mutex patches, and the 2 GiB maximum-memory override. Those changes do not belong in this package-focused slice.

ABI and package artifacts

There is no Kandelo ABI change. The SQLite compile flags change output bytes, so packages/registry/sqlite/build.toml moves from revision 3 to revision 4. No other package revisions change.

Validation

Run through scripts/dev-shell.sh:

• rebuilt the shipped SQLite library and the official testfixture with the local zlib and Tcl dependencies;
• verified all five upstream patches apply cleanly;
• bash scripts/check-abi-version.sh;
• Node official SQLite tests: e_fkey (941 tests), triggerC (120 tests), and sqllimits1 (3,117 tests);
• Chromium official SQLite tests with a freshly rebuilt VFS: the same three suites and counts.

All focused runs passed. CI is running on the rewritten head.

Not run locally: the full Vitest suite, the full non-slow browser suite, libc/POSIX/Sortix conformance, the complete upstream SQLite suite, or ./run.sh browser. Performance was not measured, and this PR makes no performance claim.

[github-actions]

Phase B-1 matrix build status — pr-781-staging

ABI v39. 5 built, 0 failed, 5 total.

Package	Arch	Status	Sha
sqlite	wasm32	built	5a13e73a
sqlite	wasm64	built	d7ce2dd3
php	wasm32	built	9fd390fa
lamp	wasm32	built	ca2226cc
wordpress	wasm32	built	0eb6e1e7

_{Auto-generated; replaced on each push. Raw data in the publish-status workflow artifact.}

[brandonpayton]

Recording the current head before reconstruction: 152c9a2c00fe8ba0c39e239d720cf5f6f0af6f50. I’m restacking this on the focused #780 branch, without #769 ancestry. The branch will be updated with --force-with-lease.

[brandonpayton]

Closing this focused source PR because its unique SQLite trigger-recursion limit work is now carried by #934 at exact green head 260d75d5adc31b327f5591229dbfbb287d395fd6. #934 keeps it as a separate purpose commit and passed the full staging and browser gates. This is not a claim that this branch was merged verbatim.