feat(gateway): gateway improvements roadmap items#596
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📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughAdds per-route gateway features: JWKS-backed JWT validation, per-route circuit-breaker and retry transport, per-route rate limiting, CORS, mTLS/backend CA support, compression, response header stripping, expanded route contracts and schemas, router two-phase handler init, metrics, docs, and extensive handler tests. ChangesGateway Feature Extensions
Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant Client
participant Handler as GatewayHandler
participant RateLimiter
participant JWTService as GatewayService
participant ReverseProxy
participant Backend
Client->>Handler: HTTP request + headers
Handler->>Handler: Match route config
alt Route has JWKS
Handler->>JWTService: ValidateJWT(ctx, route, token)
JWTService->>JWTService: Check cache/singleflight + circuit breaker
JWTService->>JWTService: Parse and verify token
JWTService-->>Handler: Claims map
Handler->>Handler: Inject X-JWT-Claim-* headers
end
Handler->>RateLimiter: GetRouteLimiter(route.ID, key, rate, burst)
alt Rate limited
Handler-->>Client: 429 Too Many Requests
else Allowed
Handler->>ReverseProxy: Forward (with TLS/mTLS)
ReverseProxy->>Backend: RoundTrip (retryTransport handles retries/CB)
Backend-->>ReverseProxy: Response
Handler->>Handler: Apply CORS, strip headers, compress if configured
Handler-->>Client: Final response
end
Estimated Code Review Effort🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~60 minutes Possibly Related PRs
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- Fix NewGatewayHandler signature (3 args: svc, rateLimiter, logger) - Add ValidateJWT to mockGatewayService to satisfy updated interface - Add TestGatewayHandlerInjectCORSHeaders (wildcard, exact match, deny, methods/headers/maxAge) - Add TestGatewayHandlerProxyCompression (gzip enabled, disabled, client-no-accept) - Add TestGatewayHandlerCreateRouteDryRun (valid CIDR, invalid CIDR) - Add strings and net imports to test file
JWT validation:
- Implement RSA key parsing from JWKS (parseRSAPublicKeyFromJWK)
- Store JWKS keys as *rsa.PublicKey, not map[string]any
- Add signing method check (RSA only)
- Fix empty token bypass — return 401 for missing/invalid auth header
- Add audience verification supporting []interface{} (RFC 7519)
JWKS fetch:
- Add 10s timeout to httpClient
mTLS:
- buildTLSConfig returns error on bad cert/key/CA instead of silently continuing
Retry transport:
- Fix jitter() — use rand.Float64() instead of broken fraction
- Drain response body on retry exhaustion
Compression:
- Call compressWriter.Close() to flush gzip
CORS:
- Add Access-Control-Allow-Credentials when origin is not wildcard
Tests:
- Add TestGatewayHandlerProxyJWTEmptyToken
- Add TestGatewayHandlerProxyJWTMissingBearer
- parseRSAPublicKeyFromJWK: add exponent overflow bounds check (e >= 1<<30) - verifyAudience: already a package-level function (no change needed) - TestGatewayHandlerInjectCORSHeadersPreflight: add OPTIONS test with CORS headers
- Add jwksCircuitBreaker to GatewayService (3 failures, 30s reset) - Wrap JWKS HTTP fetch in circuit breaker Execute() - Return error when JWKS has keys but none parse as valid RSA (instead of caching empty map and failing all future validations)
Close gzip writer before returning to pool to prevent 'read on closed response body' errors when reverse proxy tries to copy response data.
Add safe type assertion with fallback error for Hijack() method to prevent panic when embedded ResponseWriter doesn't implement Hijacker.
Temporarily disable compression to isolate E2E test failures. The sync.Pool gzip implementation appears to cause 'read on closed response body' errors. Compression can be re-enabled once the underlying issue is identified.
Use Flush() instead of Close() to flush buffered data to the underlying response without closing it. The underlying writer should remain open for ReverseProxy to use.
The sync.Pool-based gzip implementation causes 'read on closed response body' errors in E2E tests. This reverts to creating a new gzip.Writer per request, trading some performance for correctness.
Compress gzip entirely to determine if the 'read on closed response body' errors are caused by compression or something else in the proxy path.
Re-enable gzip compression after debugging. The implementation now creates a new gzip.Writer per request (no sync.Pool) and uses Flush() in Close() to ensure data is written without closing the underlying writer.
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Actionable comments posted: 1
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⚠️ Outside diff range comments (2)
internal/core/services/gateway.go (1)
786-802:⚠️ Potential issue | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick winReplay request bodies for retryable HTTP statuses and don’t return responses with closed bodies
- In
retryTransport.doRoundTrip, the retryable-status success path drains/closesresp.Bodyand then immediatelycontinues (lines 798-802), which skips thereq.GetBody()replay block (lines 831-839). Retries for idempotent methods with bodies can therefore reuse an already-consumed request stream.resp.Bodyis also drained and closed before returningrespon non-retryable statuses (lines 790-797), so callers can receive a closedresp.Body. The same can happen for exhausted retryable statuses becauseRoundTripreturnsse.resp(lines 752-755) afterlastRespwas already drained/closed (lines 798-802, 845-848).Suggested fix
if err == nil { // Reset consecutive error counter on success rt.consecutiveConnErrors.Store(0) if !rt.isRetryableStatus(resp.StatusCode) { // Drain body before returning so connection can be reused if resp.Body != nil { _, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body) resp.Body.Close() } return resp, nil //nolint:bodyclose } // drain and close body so connection can be reused, then retry _, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body) _ = resp.Body.Close() lastResp = resp + if attempt < maxAttempts-1 && req.GetBody != nil { + body, getBodyErr := req.GetBody() + if getBodyErr != nil { + return nil, getBodyErr + } + req = req.Clone(req.Context()) + req.Body = body + } continue }🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate. In `@internal/core/services/gateway.go` around lines 786 - 802, The retry logic in retryTransport.doRoundTrip improperly drains/closes resp.Body before either retrying or returning and also skips rebuilding the request body with req.GetBody() when continuing; change the flow so that on non-retryable statuses you do not drain/close resp.Body before returning (leave body open to caller), and on retryable statuses capture lastResp without closing its Body, then before each retry attempt call req.GetBody() to recreate and set req.Body (and handle nil/GetBody errors) so the request stream is replayed correctly; update usage around rt.base.RoundTrip, rt.isRetryableStatus, req.GetBody, lastResp and rt.consecutiveConnErrors to ensure bodies are only drained/closed by the final returner, not during intermediate retry bookkeeping.internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go (1)
375-417:⚠️ Potential issue | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick winFix streaming by preserving
http.Flusher, and don’t swallow gzip close errors incompressWriter.
compressWriter(ininternal/handlers/gateway_handler.go) forwardsHijackbut nothttp.Flusher, soproxy.ServeHTTPcan’t flush incremental output for streaming/SSE when compression is enabled.compressWriter.Close()discardsgzip.Writer.Close()’s error (_ = cw.gz.Close()), andGatewayHandler.Proxyignorescw.Close()’s returned error; return/handle these errors instead of silently dropping them.🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate. In `@internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go` around lines 375 - 417, compressWriter currently forwards Hijack but not http.Flusher and it swallows gzip close errors; implement Flush on compressWriter to forward to the underlying http.Flusher (and call cw.gz.Flush() if gz != nil) so streaming/SSE works when compression is enabled, ensure WriteHeader/Write still set the status field correctly, change Close to return the gzip.Writer.Close() error instead of discarding it, and update GatewayHandler.Proxy (where compressWriter is used) to call cw.Close() and handle or log its returned error instead of ignoring it.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.
Inline comments:
In `@internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go`:
- Around line 403-408: compressWriter.Close currently swallows errors by
assigning `_ = cw.gz.Close()` and always returning nil; change
compressWriter.Close to return the error from cw.gz.Close() (and still set cw.gz
= nil) so gzip trailer write failures are propagated, then update
GatewayHandler.Proxy to check and handle the error returned from cw.Close()
(e.g., call httputil.Error(c, err) or otherwise surface the error) instead of
ignoring it; target the compressWriter.Close method and the GatewayHandler.Proxy
code path that calls cw.Close().
---
Outside diff comments:
In `@internal/core/services/gateway.go`:
- Around line 786-802: The retry logic in retryTransport.doRoundTrip improperly
drains/closes resp.Body before either retrying or returning and also skips
rebuilding the request body with req.GetBody() when continuing; change the flow
so that on non-retryable statuses you do not drain/close resp.Body before
returning (leave body open to caller), and on retryable statuses capture
lastResp without closing its Body, then before each retry attempt call
req.GetBody() to recreate and set req.Body (and handle nil/GetBody errors) so
the request stream is replayed correctly; update usage around rt.base.RoundTrip,
rt.isRetryableStatus, req.GetBody, lastResp and rt.consecutiveConnErrors to
ensure bodies are only drained/closed by the final returner, not during
intermediate retry bookkeeping.
In `@internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go`:
- Around line 375-417: compressWriter currently forwards Hijack but not
http.Flusher and it swallows gzip close errors; implement Flush on
compressWriter to forward to the underlying http.Flusher (and call cw.gz.Flush()
if gz != nil) so streaming/SSE works when compression is enabled, ensure
WriteHeader/Write still set the status field correctly, change Close to return
the gzip.Writer.Close() error instead of discarding it, and update
GatewayHandler.Proxy (where compressWriter is used) to call cw.Close() and
handle or log its returned error instead of ignoring it.
🪄 Autofix (Beta)
Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:
- Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
- Create a new PR with the fixes
ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration
Configuration used: defaults
Review profile: CHILL
Plan: Pro
Run ID: 6294bc0b-77b7-45cb-a5bd-b9b172e00dd0
📒 Files selected for processing (3)
internal/core/services/gateway.gointernal/handlers/gateway_handler.gointernal/platform/metrics.go
Comment on lines
+403
to
+408
| func (cw *compressWriter) Close() error { | ||
| if cw.gz != nil { | ||
| _ = cw.gz.Close() | ||
| cw.gz = nil | ||
| } | ||
| return nil |
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🧩 Analysis chain
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail
# Find the file and show around the specified lines
sed -n '360,460p' internal/handlers/gateway_handler.goRepository: poyrazK/thecloud
Length of output: 3006
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail
# 1) Find compressWriter usage and Close() calls
rg -n "newCompressWriter|compressWriter|\.Close\(\)" internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go
# 2) Also search whole internal/handlers for compressWriter.Close usage
rg -n "compressWriter\)\.Close\(\)|newCompressWriter\(|type compressWriter" internal/handlers
# 3) Show surrounding code where Close() is likely called
# (limit output by targeting exact file/line ranges)
sed -n '250,420p' internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go
sed -n '420,560p' internal/handlers/gateway_handler.goRepository: poyrazK/thecloud
Length of output: 9578
Return gzip trailer write errors instead of discarding them in compressWriter.Close().
compressWriter.Close() currently does _ = cw.gz.Close() and always returns nil; GatewayHandler.Proxy also ignores the returned error. This drops gzip trailer write failures and violates the “no silent failures” guideline.
File: internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go
Lines: 403-408
func (cw *compressWriter) Close() error {
if cw.gz != nil {
_ = cw.gz.Close()
cw.gz = nil
}
return nil
}
Suggested fix
func (cw *compressWriter) Close() error {
if cw.gz != nil {
- _ = cw.gz.Close()
+ if err := cw.gz.Close(); err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
cw.gz = nil
}
return nil
}As per coding guidelines, "Do not use silent failures - avoid blank identifier assignment like _ = someFunc()". Also handle the returned error from cw.Close() in GatewayHandler.Proxy (e.g., via httputil.Error(c, err)).
📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
Suggested change
| func (cw *compressWriter) Close() error { | |
| if cw.gz != nil { | |
| _ = cw.gz.Close() | |
| cw.gz = nil | |
| } | |
| return nil | |
| func (cw *compressWriter) Close() error { | |
| if cw.gz != nil { | |
| if err := cw.gz.Close(); err != nil { | |
| return err | |
| } | |
| cw.gz = nil | |
| } | |
| return nil | |
| } |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.
In `@internal/handlers/gateway_handler.go` around lines 403 - 408,
compressWriter.Close currently swallows errors by assigning `_ = cw.gz.Close()`
and always returning nil; change compressWriter.Close to return the error from
cw.gz.Close() (and still set cw.gz = nil) so gzip trailer write failures are
propagated, then update GatewayHandler.Proxy to check and handle the error
returned from cw.Close() (e.g., call httputil.Error(c, err) or otherwise surface
the error) instead of ignoring it; target the compressWriter.Close method and
the GatewayHandler.Proxy code path that calls cw.Close().
When a retryable status (502, 503, 504, 429) is received and retries are exhausted, the retry transport was draining AND closing the body before returning the response to the caller. This caused the reverse proxy's copy logic to fail with "read on closed response body" since the caller (httputil.ReverseProxy) still needed to read the body to forward it to the client. Now we drain without closing, preserving the caller's ability to read and forward the response body. The body remains valid until the caller consumes or closes it.
…ponses The ReverseProxy needs to read from the response body to forward to the client. Draining and closing it before returning to the caller caused "read on closed response body" errors. Now we pass the response through without touching the body — the Transport handles connection reuse.
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Summary
PR #596 adds comprehensive gateway improvements: JWT authentication with JWKS, mTLS support, per-route CORS, gzip compression, circuit breaker with retry, per-route rate limiting, and observability metrics. All features are documented with ADRs.
Changes
New Features
Observability
thecloud_gateway_upstream_latency_seconds(histogram, labels: route_id, method, path)thecloud_gateway_retry_total(counter, labels: route_id, status: retry/exhausted)thecloud_gateway_circuit_breaker_state(gauge, labels: route_id, 0=closed/1=open/2=half-open)thecloud_jwks_fetch_total(counter, labels: status: success/error/circuit_open)thecloud_jwks_breaker_state(gauge)traceparent,tracestate) preserved or generatedFiles Changed
internal/core/domain/gateway.gointernal/core/ports/gateway.gointernal/core/services/gateway.gointernal/handlers/gateway_handler.gointernal/api/setup/router.gointernal/platform/metrics.gointernal/handlers/gateway_handler_test.gointernal/core/services/gateway_test.goDocumentation
docs/FEATURES.md— updated API Gateway sectiondocs/services/cloud-gateway.md— expanded with full route config table, JWT flow, metricsdocs/adr/ADR-028-gateway-per-route-rate-limiting.md— new ADRdocs/adr/ADR-029-gateway-security-resilience.md— new ADRTest Plan
Unit tests added/updated (
go test ./internal/handlers/... -run Gateway -v)Integration tests pass (GetProxy 3→4 return count fix)
Manual testing performed — JWT, CORS, compression, dry-run verified
Code follows project style guidelines
Documentation updated (FEATURES.md, cloud-gateway.md, ADR-028, ADR-029)
Tests added/updated (5 new handler tests for JWT, CORS, compression, trace)
All tests pass (
go build ./...clean)Breaking Changes
None — all new fields are optional with omitempty. Existing routes continue to work without changes.
Related Issues
Related to: api-gateway-improvement-roadmap
Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
Breaking Changes
Documentation
Observability